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This session builds on the information in Outline 4, The Basics of Eating with Diabetes (p. 65), and provides information and practice in planning menus using healthful eating, the plate method, and managing or counting carbohydrate choices or grams. The purpose of this session is to present a variety of options for meal planning. Omit discussions of approaches that do not meet the needs or interests of your participants. Sections on eating out, using sugar substitutes, using alcohol, and selecting cookbooks are included. Information about nutrient claims and shopping on a budget are included in Outline 15, Stocking the Cupboard (p. 413). Additional meal planning strategies are provided in Outline 13, Keeping Your Heart Healthy (p. 353), and Outline 16, Food and Weight (p. 431). The choice of a meal plan and pattern depends on the personal goals, abilities, and lifestyle preferences of each participant and the type of diabetes he or she has. Other considerations include medications and other therapies, status of diabetes, other health issues, and financial, cultural, and psychosocial concerns. Encourage participants to consider which approach they could most easily use on a daily basis. If they cannot use the meal plan or pattern in their daily lives or the plan is ineffective for target attainment, the plan or the treatment needs to be changed.

1 This is especially important for vegetarians looking for nonmeat menu items.

2 These items contribute extra fat that interferes with control of weight and blood fats.

3 These items contribute large or hard-to-measure amounts of carbohydrate that interfere with blood glucose control.

* Carbonation makes alcohol enter the bloodstream more quickly.

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