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  • Highlights

  • Overview and Screening

  • Retinopathy

    • Clinical Findings in Diabetic Retinopathy

    • Screening for Retinopathy

    • Prevention of Onset and Progression of Mild Retinopathy

    • Treatment of Advanced Retinopathy

    • Conclusion

  • Diabetic Kidney Disease

    • Diabetic Kidney Disease

    • Pathogenesis

    • Stages of DKD

    • Screening for DKD

    • Prevention and Treatment of DKD

    • When to Refer to a Nephrologist

    • Dialysis and Kidney Transplantation

    • Conclusion

  • Neuropathy and Foot Issues

    • Overview of Neuropathies

    • Distal Symmetric Sensorimotor Polyneuropathy (DSPN)

    • Autonomic Neuropathy

    • Atypical Neuropathies

    • Foot Issues Due to Neuropathy

    • Prevention of Foot Issues

    • Conclusion

  • Cardiovascular Disease

    • Cardiovascular Disease

    • Prevalence and Risk Factors

    • Prevention of CVD

    • Screening for CVD

    • Conclusion

  • Musculoskeletal Complications

    • Osteoporosis and Fractures

    • Syndromes of Limited Joint Mobility (Cheiroarthropathy)

    • Detection and Evaluation

    • Conclusion

  • Abnormal Linear Growth

    • Abnormal Linear Growth

    • Mechanisms for Growth Abnormalities

    • Determining Growth Rate

    • Conclusion

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