OBJECTIVE

To assess the association between daily carbohydrate (CHO) entries and glycemic outcomes in youth with type 1 diabetes after automated insulin delivery (AID) initiation in real-life settings.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

In this longitudinal, multinational observational study, 347 young individuals (7–21 years old) with type 1 diabetes for >1 year were followed for >6 months after AID initiation. Clinical data, including daily and overall continuous glucose monitoring–based time in range (TIR) (70–180 mg/dL), time in tight range (TITR) (70–140 mg/dL), and CHO entry metrics, were evaluated.

RESULTS

Day-to-day variability in CHO entries was negatively associated with overall TIR (P < 0.001) and TITR (P < 0.001). Higher deviation in daily CHO entry was associated with lower daily TITR and TIR (both P < 0.001). Overall TIR and TITR after AID initiation were 75.0% and 50.3%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Variability in CHO entries is associated with lower TIR, emphasizing the importance of consistent premeal bolus routine when using AID.

Graphical Abstract

graphic
View largeDownload slide

Clinical trial reg. no. NCT05866900, ClinicalTrials.gov

This article contains supplementary material online at https://doi.org/10.2337/figshare.29087441.

This content is only available via PDF.
© 2025 by the American Diabetes Association
2025
Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. More information is available at https://www.diabetesjournals.org/journals/pages/license.
You do not currently have access to this content.