Inhibition of Pancreatic Glucagon Responses to Arginine by Human Insulin (recombinant DNA) and Purified Porcine Insulin in Normal and Diabetic Subjects

This study investigates and compares human insulin (recombinant DNA) and purified porcine insulin (PPI) in healthy volunteers and in type II diabetic patients, in terms of whether both these insulins were capable of influencing in a different manner pancreatic glucagon, C-peptide, and free fatty acids (FFA) concentrations. The findings reveal that the β-cell of human pancreas apparently recognizes human insulin more readily than PPI, as assessed by the inhibition of C-peptide, and a similar conclusion follows for the α-cell; this conclusion is underscored by the inhibited glucagon values. The delayed increments of glucagon under human insulin following arginine stimulation may be the result of a more rapid insulin absorption from subcutaneous tissue and a greater biologic action of this insulin in comparison with the PPI. Finally, human insulin has additional properties as demonstrated by its stronger antilipolytic effects.