The mechanism of glucose intolerance in thyrotoxicosis was investigated in 119 patients with Graves's disease with careful consideration of the age-related deterioration of glucose tolerance. Before and after treatment of thyrotoxicosis with antithyroid drug, changes of blood glucose (BG) and serum immunoreactive insulin (IRI) in response to 50 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and insulin binding to red blood cell (RBC) were evaluated. In control subjects, the ΣIRI/ΣBG ratio after 50-g OGTT decreased progressively with age without significant change in absolute ΣIRI value, suggesting the occurrence of age-related insulin resistance. Glucose intolerance was much more apparent in hyperthyroid patients because of age-related relative decrease of insulin secretion. Such a decrease of insulin secretion was not found in age-matched postgastrectomy patients with a similar degree of hyperglycemia, however. Maximal binding of labeled insulin and number of insulin receptors of RBC were decreased in old patients but binding affinity was unchanged. Elevation of BG was partially suppressed when serum thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) were reduced to moderately supernormal levels, whereas ΣBG, ΣIRI, ΣIRI/ΣBG ratio, and insulin binding to RBC were all returned to normal when normal serum thyroid hormone concentration was maintained. Our data indicate that insufficient insulin secretion and reduced insulin action at the target cell are responsible, at least in large part, for age-related glucose intolerance in hyperthyroid patients.
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Original Articles|
March 01 1985
Effects of Antithyroid Drug Therapy on Blood Glucose, Serum Insulin, and Insulin Binding to Red Blood Cells in Hyperthyroid Patients of Different Ages
Ichiro Komiya, M.D., Ph.D.;
Ichiro Komiya, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Gerontology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Shinshu University
Matsumoto
; and the Department of Radiology, Nagano Red Cross Hospital
Nagano, Japan
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Takashi Yamada, M.D., Ph.D.;
Takashi Yamada, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Gerontology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Shinshu University
Matsumoto
; and the Department of Radiology, Nagano Red Cross Hospital
Nagano, Japan
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Akira Sato, M.D., Ph.D.;
Akira Sato, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Gerontology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Shinshu University
Matsumoto
; and the Department of Radiology, Nagano Red Cross Hospital
Nagano, Japan
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Yoichi Koizumi, M.D., Ph.D.;
Yoichi Koizumi, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Gerontology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Shinshu University
Matsumoto
; and the Department of Radiology, Nagano Red Cross Hospital
Nagano, Japan
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Takeshi Aoki, M.D., Ph.D.
Takeshi Aoki, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Gerontology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Shinshu University
Matsumoto
; and the Department of Radiology, Nagano Red Cross Hospital
Nagano, Japan
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Address reprint requests to Takashi Yamada, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Gerontology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Nagano-ken, Japan.
Citation
Ichiro Komiya, Takashi Yamada, Akira Sato, Yoichi Koizumi, Takeshi Aoki; Effects of Antithyroid Drug Therapy on Blood Glucose, Serum Insulin, and Insulin Binding to Red Blood Cells in Hyperthyroid Patients of Different Ages. Diabetes Care 1 March 1985; 8 (2): 161–168. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.8.2.161
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