Diabetes treatment goals aim to prevent or delay complications and optimize quality of life. These goals should be developed collaboratively with people with diabetes to honor their preferences and values. Comprehensive diabetes care should be provided by an interprofessional team which may include but is not limited to diabetes care and education specialists, primary care and subspecialty clinicians, nurses, registered dietitian nutritionists, exercise specialists, pharmacists, dentists, podiatrists, behavioral health professionals, and community partners such as community health workers and community paramedics. Ongoing treatment necessitates regular follow-up and the active engagement of people with diabetes and their care partners. Comprehensive medical evaluations (described in the table below) and the provision of all recommended vaccinations (cdc.gov/vaccines) are essential components of ongoing diabetes care.
Assessment of Comorbidities
| What autoimmune conditions should people with type 1 diabetes be screened for? |
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People with type 1 diabetes should be screened soon after diagnosis and periodically thereafter for:
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Autoimmune thyroid disease| What autoimmune conditions should people with type 1 diabetes be screened for? |
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People with type 1 diabetes should be screened soon after diagnosis and periodically thereafter for:
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Autoimmune Conditions Associated With Type 1 Diabetes
| How does diabetes affect bone health? |
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| How does diabetes affect bone health? |
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Optimizing Bone Health in People With Diabetes
| Are people with diabetes at increased risk for cancer? |
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| Are people with diabetes at increased risk for cancer? |
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How prevalent is nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)? Who should be screened for it and how?
Components of the Comprehensive Diabetes Medical Evaluation at Initial, Follow-Up, and Annual Visits
ABI, ankle-brachial pressure index; ARBs, angiotensin receptor blockers; CGM, continuous glucose monitors; MDI, multiple daily injections; NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; OSA, obstructive sleep apnea; PAD, peripheral arterial disease.
*At 65 years of age or older.
+May be needed more frequently in people with diabetes with known chronic kidney disease or with changes in medications that affect kidney function and serum potassium
#May also need to be checked after initiation or dose changes of medications that affect these laboratory values (i.e., diabetes medications, blood pressure medications, cholesterol medications, or thyroid medications).
^In people without dyslipidemia and not on cholesterol-lowering therapy, testing may be less frequent.
**Should be performed at every visit in people with diabetes with sensory loss, previous foot ulcers, or amputations.
ABI, ankle-brachial pressure index; ARBs, angiotensin receptor blockers; CGM, continuous glucose monitors; MDI, multiple daily injections; NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; OSA, obstructive sleep apnea; PAD, peripheral arterial disease.
*At 65 years of age or older.
+May be needed more frequently in people with diabetes with known chronic kidney disease or with changes in medications that affect kidney function and serum potassium
#May also need to be checked after initiation or dose changes of medications that affect these laboratory values (i.e., diabetes medications, blood pressure medications, cholesterol medications, or thyroid medications).
^In people without dyslipidemia and not on cholesterol-lowering therapy, testing may be less frequent.
**Should be performed at every visit in people with diabetes with sensory loss, previous foot ulcers, or amputations.
