Background: The DASH diet is inversely associated with T2DM risk. Metabolic changes due to DASH adherence and their potential relationship with incident T2DM have not been described.

Objective: To determine metabolite clusters associated with adherence to a DASH-type diet in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS) cohort and explore if they predict 5-year T2DM incidence.

Methods: DASH adherence for 570 nondiabetic multi-ethnic participants aged 40-69 years was determined using a 10-point scale for 8 DASH food groups. Data for 88 metabolites (acylcarnitines, amino acids, bile acids, sterols, and fatty acids) were obtained at baseline. Metabolite clusters associated with a DASH-type diet were determined using partial least squares analysis (PLS). Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression was used to explore the associations between metabolite clusters and incident T2DM.

Results: A group of acylcarnitines loaded strongly on two components retained under PLS (Figure). Component 2 was inversely associated with incident T2DM (OR: 0.86; 95% CI 0.79-0.95) after adjustment for demographic and metabolic covariates. Component 1 was not associated with T2DM risk (OR: 0.97; 95% CI 0.87-1.10).

Conclusion: Adherence to a DASH-type diet may contribute to reduced T2DM risk in part through modulations in acylcarnitine physiology.

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Disclosure

S. Yashpal: None. A.D. Liese: None. L.E. Wagenknecht: None. S.M. Haffner: None. L.W. Johnston: None. B. Boucher: None. R.P. Bazinet: None. M. Rewers: None. J.I. Rotter: None. S.M. Watkins: Stock/Shareholder; Self; Verso Biosciences, Inc. A. Hanley: None.

Funding

National Institutes of Health

© 2019 by the American Diabetes Association.
2019
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