Although associations of the risk of developing type 2 diabetes or cardiovascular disease with muscle strength, balance, or flexibility were established separately, a comprehensive evaluation of physical fitness is required. We previously developed a composite measure of these fitness components designated as the Physical ScoreTM and reported its significant associations with the prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, fatty liver, and metabolic syndrome (MetS). We now examined longitudinal associations between the PS and incidence of these diseases.To calculate the PS data on 103,348 individuals (64,834 men) aged 30 to 69 y who underwent physical fitness assessments, principal component analysis was applied to the correlation matrix of fitness test results adjusted for age and sex. PS is close to the deviation for physical fitness, with a change in PS of 1 corresponding to a change of 10 deviations. Cox hazard regression analysis evaluated the relationship between PS at the initial assessment and subsequent development of each disease, with a minimum follow-up of 3 y. For every decrease of 1 in the PS from the initial evaluation, the hazard ratios for incident disease ranged from 1.04 to 1.22. PS was weakly associated with diabetes and most strongly associated with MetS. Findings suggest that the PS, which is convenient and non-invasive, could predict various metabolic diseases.
T. Sato: None. K. Fujihara: None. Y. Yaguchi: None. M. Yamamoto: None. M. Kitazawa: None. H. Suzuki: None. Y. Matsubayashi: None. H. Ishiguro: None. T. Osawa: None. T. Yamada: None. K. Kato: None. H. Sone: Research Support; Novo Nordisk, Astellas Pharma Inc., Kowa Company, Ltd., Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., Eisai Inc., Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd.
