Introduction & Objective: The lack of assessing risk factor contributions to the rising burden of type 2 diabetes (T2D) across various subpopulations hinders targeted interventions. We conducted a subgroup-focused analysis to evaluate the contributions of different risk factors to the T2D burden.
Methods: Utilizing the Global Burden of Disease study (GBD) 2019, we analyzed the disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for T2D due to 15 risk factors in adults (aged 25+ years) globally and by sex, age, Socio-demographic Index (SDI) and GBD region, from 1990 to 2019. Additionally, we assessed future trends of these risk factors through 2050.
Results: High BMI emerged as the top one risk factor in all subpopulations, accounting for over 60% of T2D-related DALYs in 2019, and the DALYs rates due to high BMI were projected to double by 2050. In 2019, males were more affected by smoking and diet high in red meat, while females by secondhand smoke and household air pollution. The related DALYs burden due to specific risk factors escalated with age, except for high BMI and smoking which peaked in the 60-74 age group. Notable regional disparities were observed, with diet high in processed meat ranking second in high SDI regions, instead of household air pollution in low SDI regions (Figure 1).
Conclusion: Targeted actions are required to address the varying risk factors for the T2D burden across subpopulations.
Y. Huang: None. J. Wang: None. V.W. Zhong: None.
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82373551)
