461-P: Metabolic Profile Alterations in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Type 2 Diabetes

The co-occurrence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) in individuals with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is well-established. Several studies have shown that T2D patients with moderate to severe OSA exhibit a more unfavorable glycemic profile. In this retrospective analysis, we conducted a chart review of 147 patients with T2D who had a sleep study. Within this cohort, 115 patients (78%) were categorized within the OSA group based on sleep study results, while 32 (28%) were classified in the no-OSA group. Both groups were similar in age, diabetes duration, and the presence of micro and macrovascular complications. Hypertension, higher BMI, and increased neck circumferences was more prevalent in the OSA group. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were similar prior to the initiation of sleep therapy (7.6% vs. 7.7%, P=0.8), patients who commenced positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy exhibited notable improvements in HbA1c levels, with values of 7.1% at one month (P=0.06) and 7.0% at three months post-therapy initiation from 7.6% (P=0.01). Importantly, the OSA and no-OSA groups demonstrated similar levels of serum glucose, lipid profiles, and FIB-4 scores. In summary, our findings suggest that individuals with coexisting OSA and T2D exhibit a constellation of unfavorable metabolic indicators, including increased body weight (246.5±60.2 vs 201.5±50.1 lbs, P = 0.00006 p<0.01), increased complexity of diabetes, and increased incidence of fatty liver disease. The application of PAP therapy appears promising in terms of enhancing glycemic control, even in the short term. Given the marked prevalence of concurrent OSA and T2D, it is imperative to establish more effective treatment strategies for these individuals, who are predisposed to a higher risk of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.