Several studies have indicated that insulin resistance, elevated blood pressure (BP), and dyslipidemia precede the onset of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Little data, however, exist on the presence of renal disease in prediabetic subjects. We measured albumin excretion in a cross-sectional population study in subjects 65–74 years of age living in eastern Finland in relation to the risk of developing diabetes 3.5 years later. The prevalence of microalbuminuria (urinary albumin-to-urinary creatinine ratio ≥ 2 mg/mmol) was 1.3-, 1.8-, and 2.0-fold higher among subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (n = 242), newly diagnosed NIDDM subjects (n = 92), and previously diagnosed NIDDM subjects (n = 136), respectively, compared with subjects with normal glucose tolerance (n = 826). Nondiabetic subjects with microalbuminuria had multiple abnormalities in cardiovascular risk factors including elevated BP, high triglyceride concentration, high insulin concentration, and a low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration, a cluster of risk factors typical for prediabetic individuals. The relationship between microalbuminuria and the incidence of NIDDM over the 3.5-year follow-up was studied in 891 subjects who were free of diabetes at baseline. Converters to diabetes (n = 69) had a higher prevalence of hypertension (68.1 vs. 54.4%, P < 0.05) and a higher prevalence of microalbuminuria (43.5 vs. 30.4%, P < 0.05) than nonconverters (n = 822). In logistic regression analysis, microalbuminuria predicted the development of NIDDM independently of BP level. However, after adjustment for plasma glucose and insulin levels at baseline, the difference in the prevalence of microalbuminuria between converters and nonconverters was not statistically significant. These results suggest that microalbuminuria may be a feature of the prediabetic state and that the increase in albumin excretion rate may be related to increases in glucose and insulin concentrations.
Skip Nav Destination
Article navigation
Original Contributions|
April 01 1994
Microalbuminuria Precedes the Development of NIDDM Free
Leena Mykkänen;
Leena Mykkänen
Department of Medicine, University of Kuopio
Kuopio, Finland
Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
San Antonio, Texas
Search for other works by this author on:
Steven M Haffner;
Steven M Haffner
Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
San Antonio, Texas
Search for other works by this author on:
Johanna Kuusisto;
Johanna Kuusisto
Department of Medicine, University of Kuopio
Kuopio, Finland
Search for other works by this author on:
Kalevi Pyorälä;
Kalevi Pyorälä
Department of Medicine, University of Kuopio
Kuopio, Finland
Search for other works by this author on:
Markku Laakso
Markku Laakso
Department of Medicine, University of Kuopio
Kuopio, Finland
Search for other works by this author on:
Address correspondence to Dr. Leena Mykkanen, Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, Texas 78284-7873; and address reprint requests to Professor Kalevi Pyorala, Department of Medicine, University of Kuopio, P.O. Box 1777, SF-70211 Kuopio Finland.
Diabetes 1994;43(4):552–557
Article history
Received:
September 30 1993
Revision Received:
December 09 1993
Accepted:
December 09 1993
PubMed:
8138060
Citation
Leena Mykkänen, Steven M Haffner, Johanna Kuusisto, Kalevi Pyorälä, Markku Laakso; Microalbuminuria Precedes the Development of NIDDM. Diabetes 1 April 1994; 43 (4): 552–557. https://doi.org/10.2337/diab.43.4.552
Download citation file:
144
Views