Objective: To compare characteristics of youth with T1D (n = 484) vs. T2D (n = 1169) in the PDC.

Methods: Participants were 10 to <21 years at diagnosis. Mann-Whitney U and Chi-square tests were used to compare demographics. Linear regression models were used to compare BMI and HbA1c at diagnosis; logistics regression was used to compare DKA at diagnosis. Post-diagnosis HbA1c differences between cohorts were assessed through repeated measures.

Results: T2D youth were more likely to be female (62 vs. 45%, p<0.001), overweight/obese (99 vs. 16%, p<0.001) and from low income (75 vs. 30%, p<0.001), minority (82 vs. 29%, p<0.001) families. T1D youth were more likely to present with DKA (32 vs. 11%, p<0.001) and have higher mean HbA1c levels (12.0 vs. 10.0%, p<0.001) at diagnosis. More than 70% in both cohorts achieved target HbA1c levels <7.5% within 6 months but fewer T1D patients were able to maintain HbA1c target after 6 months (Figure). In 410 participants with T2D duration ≥ 24 months at enrollment, 185 (45%) required no insulin therapy; c-peptide was 1.45 mmol/l in the subset of 74 measured at enrollment.

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Conclusion: While families of youth with T2D face greater socio-economic obstacles and risk factors for poor diabetes outcomes, the greater retention of residual endogenous insulin secretion likely contributes to the increased ability of T2D youth to to maintain target HbA1c levels over time.

Disclosure

W.V. Tamborlane: Consultant; Self; AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH, Eli Lilly and Company, Medtronic MiniMed, Inc., Novo Nordisk Inc., Sanofi, Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc.. P. Cheng: None. R.L. Gal: Research Support; Self; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Novo Nordisk Inc. C. Kollman: Research Support; Self; JDRF, Bigfoot Biomedical, Dexcom, Inc., Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc., Medtronic MiniMed, Inc., Helmsley Charitable Trust. M.A. Van Name: None. J.L. Lynch: Other Relationship; Self; Novo Nordisk Inc.. Research Support; Self; Daiichi Sankyo Company, Limited. B.A. Nelson: Speaker's Bureau; Self; Dexcom, Inc..

© 2018 by the American Diabetes Association.
2018
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