Comorbid celiac disease (CD) may affect the course of type 1 diabetes (T1D). We aimed to compare T1D children with and without CD. This study is based on the SWEET (Better control in Pediatric and Adolescent diabeteS:Working to crEate cEnTers of Reference) database. We included 39 425 patients aged ≤18 y. Regression models adjusted for demographics were applied to compare outcomes. CD was present in 1 804 subjects (4.6%). Prevalence of CD differed among regions: 1.9% Asia/Middle East, 4.3% Northern Europe, 5.1% Southern Europe, 5.3% North America/Canada and 6.1% Australia/New Zealand. Girls were diagnosed with CD significantly more often than boys (p< 0.01). Children with CD were younger at diabetes onset (p< 0.001), also when boys and girls were separately analyzed. CD subjects were significantly shorter (p= 0.002) and had lower BMI-SDS (p< 0.001) (Fig). HbA1c was lower in patients with CD (p< 0.001), even after adjustment for pump use (Fig). Across regions, gender differences in CD prevalence were not shown in Northern Europe and Asia/Middle East. HbA1c was lower in CD patients in Southern Europe and North America/Canada. In contrast, in Asia/Middle East, HbA1c was significantly higher among CD patients (p<0.001). No difference was found in Northern Europe. The frequency, anthropometric as well as metabolic consequences of CD in T1D children differs around the world.
A. Taczanowska: None. A. Schwandt: None. S. Amed: None. J. Svensson: Advisory Panel; Self; Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Medtronic. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Novo Nordisk A/S, Sanofi-Aventis. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Novo Nordisk A/S. A. Szypowska: None. C. Kanaka-Gantenbein: None. P. Toth-Heyn: None. S. Krepel Volsky: None.
