The balance of lipid metabolism has been recognized as one of the significant causes of impaired glucose metabolism in T2DM, which is steadily increasing worldwide. IGR plays a vital role in the prevention and treatment of T2DM. This study focused on roles of plant sterols (PS), omega-3 fatty acids or their combination on IGR individuals, moreover, further clarifying whether there is synergistic effect of combination PS with omega-3 fatty acids on the prevention and treatment of IGR through a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2×2 factorial design trial. 200 participants consented were randomized to receive PS and omega-3 fatty acids (n=50), PS alone (n=50), omega-3 fatty acids alone (n=50) and placebo soy bean powder plus placebo capsules (n=50) for 12 weeks. To investigate the characteristics of body composition (weight, height, waistline, BMI, body fat rate, visceral fat rating), blood pressure, glucose metabolism (FPG, FINS, HOMA-IR, HbA1c), lipid metabolism (TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C) and inflammatory factors (Hs-CRP, IL-6) in IGR individuals. Compared with placebo group, the combined intervention significantly decreased TG, HDL-C, FBG, HOMA-IR and HbA1c. Omega-3 fatty acids alone led to significant reductions in waistline, TG, FBG, HOMA-IR and Hs-CRP. PS alone just decreased TG and Hs-CRP. No intervention produced significant changes in body weight, BMI, blood pressure, FINS, body fat rate, visceral fat rating, TC, LDL-C and IL-6.
In conclusion, we have demonstrated for the first time that PS, omega-3 fatty acids or their combination significantly improved inflammation, insulin resistance, as well as glucose and lipid metabolism in IGR individuals. And combinative interaction has better effects than single dietary supplement.
P. Ruirong: None.
Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University
