Background and Aims: Sleep disturbances are common among individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and correlates of sleep disorders in Greek diabetics and differences between an urban and semi-urban population.

Materials and Methods: The study population was comprised of 308 T2D patients [139 patients from Piraeus (urban population, group A) and 169 patients from Sitia (semi-urban population, group B)]. In all patients, quality of sleep was evaluated by administering the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) through an interview. The PSQI is a self-report questionnaire that assesses sleep quality and quantity over a month-long period.

Results: Mean PSQI score of group A was 11.22 ± 6.44 and 88.5% (n=123) of the participants had a PSQI score ≥5, indicating poor quality of sleep. Mean PSQI score of group B was 12.48 ± 5.85, and 88.8% (n=140) had a PSQI score ≥5. Incidence of a PSQI score ≥5 did not differ between the two groups (P=0.13). Logistic regression analysis, after adjustment for sex, BMI, presence of hypertension and dyslipidemia, smoking, diabetes complications, and oral antidiabetic treatment, showed that PSQI ≥5 in total sample population was associated with insulin treatment [odds ratio (OR): 0.03, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.31-0.99], and HbA1c (OR: 6.56, 95% CI: 1.93-16.14). In group A, poor sleep quality was associated with insulin treatment (OR: 0.02, 95% CI: 0.10-0.84), and HbA1c (OR: 7.55, 95% CI: 1.97-18.81). In group B, poor sleep quality was associated only with age (OR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.06-1.74).

Conclusion: Our study suggested that Greek patients with T2D have a high prevalence of sleep disorders with similar incidence for urban and semi-urban population. Insulin treatment and HbA1c were the greatest predictors of sleep disorders. Identifying sleep disorders in T2D and treating them early might improve patient's quality of life.

Disclosure

A. Papazafiropoulou: None. M. Stamatelatou: None. E. Xourgia: None. L. Mpoumi: None. E. Georgopoulos: None. G. Tziomalos: None. S. Solidaki: None. M. Dasenaki: None. A. Melidonis: None.

© 2019 by the American Diabetes Association.
2019
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