2459-PUB: Clinical Characteristics and Management of Patients with Type 1 Diabetes—A National Population-Based Spanish Study (SED1)

Introduction: Little is known about the clinical characteristics and management of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in Spain from a national perspective. To sort this lack of information out the Spanish Diabetes Society (SED) promoted a national population-based audit study. (SED1 Study).

Material and Methods: Observational, cross-sectional study of a nationally representative sample of patients with DM1 in 78 Spanish sites, including children and adults.

Results: A total of 647 participants were included: Aged 36.5+14.4 years (7.6% < 14), 55,3% female, 97.2% Caucasian, time since diagnosis 17.9±12.0 years and a BMI of 24.7±4.4 kg/m² (40.2% > 25; 12.1% ≥30). 75.0% of the population had secondary or university studies. 20.2% of patients were active smokers and 48.7% had any type of comorbidity, mainly dyslipidemia (25.8%). Any kind of retinopathy and nephropathy was present in 19.3 and 5.9% of patients. Regarding disease management, 75.9% used basal-bolus insulin therapy, 20.4% pump therapy, half of patients used insulin/carbohydrate ratio (ICR), performed 3.0±0.9 blood glucose measurements/day (BG) and 24.9% used continuous-glucose monitoring. Mean last-year HbA1c was 7.6±1.2% (< 7%, 30.6%). The univariate logistic regression indicated that, HbA1c value was determined negatively by BG measurements (-0.045, p=0.03) and frequency of use of ICR (-0.236, p=0.008) and positively by disease duration (0.011, p=0.002) and lack of adherence to diet counseling (0.788, p=0.0001).

Conclusion: The management and type of treatment of T1D in Spain is similar to other western countries. There is still a substantial proportion of patients not reaching the recognized A1c target and with either overweight or obesity. Some factors related to T1D management prevent a greater effectiveness of treatment.