In 2019, the American Diabetes Association published a consensus report on nutrition therapy for individuals with diabetes (DM), which included a section on five recommended eating patterns: Mediterranean-style, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, low-fat, low-carbohydrate, and vegetarian. Using data from 4,718 non-pregnant adults aged ≥20 years with self-reported diagnosed DM and complete dietary data (i.e., one day of 24-hour recall) in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2001-2016, we examined the proportion who followed each of the recommended eating patterns (including achieving different components/levels of the eating patterns), and whether this has changed over time. We used age-standardized descriptive statistics to calculate the proportion of individuals following each eating pattern across four 4-year time periods, and calculated p-values for trend across the time periods. Overall, the proportion of individuals following the recommended eating patterns was low and did not change significantly over time, although the decline in following the Mediterranean-style diet from the 2001-2004 to the 2013-2016 time period was significant (p=0.04 and p=0.046 for the highest and lowest categories, respectively) (Table). These results suggest more efforts may be considered for improving eating patterns among adults with DM in the United States.
K.R. Siegel: None. K.M. Bullard: None. S. Saydah: None. C. Mercado: None. M.K. Ali: Research Support; Self; Merck & Co., Inc. A.L. Albright: None. G. Imperatore: None.
