1178-P: Current Situations in Dietary Intake and Physical Activity in Japanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: JDCP Study

Medical nutrition therapy and exercise therapy are the cornerstones of treatment for patients with type 2 diabetes; however, there has not been a nationwide study on the actual dietary intake and physical activity status of patients since the 2000s. We aimed to clarify this in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes using data from the Japan Diabetes Complication and its Prevention prospective (JDCP) , a nationwide study launched in 2007. A total of 1,992 patients with type 2 diabetes, aged 40-75 years, completed either the Brief-type, self-administered Diet History Questionnaire (1,643 patients) or International Physical Activity Questionnaire (1,834 patients) , and their data were analyzed in this study. Mean daily energy intake for all participants was 1686.8 kcal/day, and the mean proportions of carbohydrate, protein, and fat comprising total energy intake were 60.2, 16.2, and 23.6%, respectively. The patients in this study had similar energy and nutrient intake status to patients in the 1996 Japan Diabetes Complications Study; however, Japanese patients still had higher carbohydrate and lower fat consumption than patients with diabetes in Western countries. Only 10.5 % of the patients had equal to or more than 20 g/day of dietary fiber and 7.5% consumed less than 6 g of salt. Weekly physical activities of male and female patients were 2344.5±2700.9 and 1948.3±2209.3 METs·min/week in women, respectively (p <0.001) . As for exercise, 31.0% of patients did not do it habitually; this was particularly noticeable in female patients and patients under the age of 65. BMI increased from 22.7 to 24.1 kg/m² in men and 23.2 to 24.8 kg/m² in women from 1996 to 2007, respectively. The reason for this increment is suggested to be due to energy intake remaining unchanged despite a decrease in physical activity level. The balance between dietary energy intake and energy expenditure based on physical activity has become more important in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes in recent years.