To provide effective medical nutrition therapy (MNT) , it is necessary to consider dietary intake, which can change over time. This longitudinal study analyzed changes in the dietary intakes of Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes over a 5-year period. The JDCS is a nationwide study of Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes conducted in 1996. Participants were aged 40-70 years from outpatient clinics in 59 universities and general hospitals. Analyzed were 922 responders to a dietary survey assessed by the Food Frequency Questionnaire based on food groups at baseline and 5 years after registration. Paired samples t-test was used for analysis. Over a 5-year period, patients with type 2 diabetes maintained almost the same body mass index (BMI) (baseline: 22.9±3.0; 5 years later: 22.8±3.0 kg/m2) . Differences in energy intake, fat-to-energy ratio, and carbohydrate-to-energy ratio were small although significant. Neither the mean intake of fiber nor salt met the required intake for MNT for persons with diabetes both at baseline and after 5 years. As for food groups, there was a significant decrease in intakes of vegetables, seaweed, soybeans/soy products, and milk/dairy products. Details are shown in the Table. Results showed that Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes need to pay special attention to dietary fiber intake and salt intake on an ongoing basis.
C.Horikawa: None. R.Aida: None. C.Kamada: None. K.Fujihara: None. S.Tanaka: None. A.Araki: None. Y.Yoshimura: None. Y.Akanuma: None. H.Sone: Research Support; Astellas Pharma Inc., Eisai Co., Ltd., Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., Novo Nordisk, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Taisho Pharmaceutical Holdings Co., Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (19H04028)
