Type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients might experience a transient partial remission (PR) stage. However, the immunological mechanisms responsible for the PR stage still need to be elucidated. Here, we have applied single-cell RNA sequencing to delineate the immune underpinnings of peripheral immune cells among healthy individuals, new-onset T1D patients, and T1D patients in the PR phase. Combined with cohort validation and functional assays, the expansion of TIGIT+ CCR7− Tregs as well as the decrease of CD226+ CCR7− CD8+ T cells helps to maintain a window in which to transit the immune balance in the remission stage via the TGF-β signal. These findings, especially the identified cell subsets may provide novel mechanism for future therapeutic interventions.

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Disclosure

X.Li: None. T.Zhong: None. X.Li: None. L.Kang: None. R.Tang: None.

© 2023 by the American Diabetes Association
2023
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