Insulin resistance, T2D, and chronic inflammation increase risk of developing mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We report here baseline data from a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled Phase 3 study (NCT04669028) in patients with mild to moderate AD evaluating the effects of NE3107, an oral small molecule, blood-brain permeable anti-inflammatory insulin sensitizer that binds extracellular signal-regulated kinase. Inclusion criteria are diagnosis and progression of AD, supportive brain scan and Hachinski scale to exclude vascular dementia, Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) score of 1-2, and Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE) score of 14-24. Primary outcomes are changes in cognition and function from baseline to 30 wks. Secondary outcomes include changes in neuropsychological deficits, functional performance, and regulation of glycemia. Aβ+ subjects were older and had worse MMSE, ADAS-Cog12 and AD Composite Scores than Aβ-patients, but had less evidence of inflammation (lower CRP) and less insulin resistance (lower fasting glucose, less IFG and T2D, lower fasting insulin and HOMA2-IR, and less hypertension) (Table). Metabolic dysregulation (elevated C1q, increased CGM mean and MAGE, increased cholesterol, triglycerides, and waist-hip ratio) was also observed independent of Aβ and APOEε4 status. Inflammation and insulin resistance may contribute to AD even in the absence of classical risk markers for AD.
C.L.Reading: Employee; BioVie, Inc. C.Ahlem: Employee; Biovie, Inc. J.M.Palumbo: Employee; BioVie, Zynerba, Other Relationship; Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. M.A.Testa: Stock/Shareholder; Phase V Technologies, Inc. D.C.Simonson: Stock/Shareholder; Phase V Technologies, Inc., GI Windows.
