1459-P: Risk Factors for Metabolic Syndrome in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes in a Chilean Cohort

Introduction: Risk factors associated with Metabolic Syndrome (MS) have been identified among patients with T1D, including obesity, insulin resistance (IR), family history of T2D, years since diagnosis, insulin total daily dose (TDD), and its method of administration. At a local setting, data on the impact of these variables are scarce.

Objective: To assess risk factors related to MS in adults with T1D from a Chilean cohort.

Methodology: Descriptive observational study using electronic health records from a tertiary hospital in Chile. Included were all T1D patients over 15 years with regular follow-ups between March 2020 and September 2023. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory variables were considered. MS prevalence followed the IDF 2005 definition (BMI ≥30 kg/m² plus two other criteria). Statistical analysis using T-test and X² depending on variables.

Results: A total of 44 patients were identified. The mean age was 42.9 (17-80) years, with 70.4% being female (n=31). The average BMI was 26.5±5.1 kg/m², with 22.7% having a BMI ≥30 kg/m². Insulin pump users were 38.6% (n=17, 15 on AID and 2 on PLGS). The mean A1C was 8.4±1.9%. Among the entire cohort, 6 patients (13.6%) met MS criteria, with arterial hypertension as the second most frequent criterion (83%). Besides weight and BMI, higher TDD and prandial insulin doses, and the presence of clinical signs of IR were identified as risk factors for MS (all with p<0.01). A non-significant trend was observed in those with a family history of T2D (p=0.06) and TDD ≥0.6 IU/kg/day (p=0.08). No relationship was found with years since diagnosis or insulin administration method, although potential biases may exist.

Conclusion: The prevalence of MS in adults with T1D aligned with international reports. Higher TDD and prandial insulin doses, along with clinical signs of IR, were identified as risk factors for MS. These findings highlight the need for individualized preventive and management strategies for MS in T1D, ultimately improving overall health outcomes.