Introduction & Aim: This study delved into essential bone biomarkers in T1D and T2D, investigating their connections with areal bone mineral density (aBMD) and volumetric BMD (vBMD).

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 543 adults participated, including 111 with T1D, 106 with T2D, and 328 controls. Employing DXA and HR-pQCT scans, a range of biochemical bone biomarkers (CTX, P1NP, sclerostin, osteopontin, OCN, and IGF-1) were analyzed. Group comparisons and regression models, adjusting for relevant factors, were executed. Correlation analyses, utilizing Spearman with Bonferroni correction, explored associations between bone parameters and biomarkers for intergroup comparison.

Results: Results revealed significantly reduced CTX1, P1NP, IGF-1, OCN, and osteopontin in T1D and T2D (p<0.05), with T2D having the lowest (p=0.01). Conversely, sclerostin was higher in both T1D and T2D than controls (p=0.001). T2D showed elevated neck aBMD (0.85g/cm2, p=0.011) and tibial vBMD (300.6HA/cm3, p=0.004) in contrast to T1D and controls. In T2D, neck aBMD correlated negatively with CTX1 (r=-0.332, p=0.001), P1NP (r=-0.278, p=0.005), OCN (r=-0.397, p=0.001), and positively with sclerostin (r=0.229, p=0.041). In T1D, CTX1 correlated negatively, while IGF-1 correlated positively with neck aBMD (r=-0.301, p=0.002, r=0.329, p=0.001, resp). Controls exhibited positive correlations of IGF-1 (r=0.321, p=0.001) and negative correlations of sclerostin (r=-0.151, p=0.008) with neck aBMD. Tibial vBMD was negatively correlated with P1NP in T2D (r=-0.231, p=0.024) and positively correlated with IGF-1 in T1D and controls (p<0.011). Sclerostin strongly correlated with diabetes duration in both T1D and T2D (r=0.491, p=0.001, r=0.342, p=0.003, respectively). IGF-1 had a negative correlation in T1D (p=0.001).

Conclusion: Individuals with T1D and T2D present distinctive bone biomarker profiles and associations with aBMD and vBMD, emphasizing the intricate interplay between diabetes and bone health.

Disclosure

N.H. Rasmussen: Other Relationship; Boehringer-Ingelheim. Stock/Shareholder; Novo Nordisk, Eli Lilly and Company. A.V. Kvist: None. J. van den Bergh: Advisory Panel; Amgen Inc. P. Vestergaard: None.

Funding

This work was supported by a research grant from the Danish Diabetes and Endocrine Academy, which is funded by the Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF22SA0079901)

© 2024 by the American Diabetes Association
2024
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