3-PUB: Prevalence and Associated Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy among Type 2 Diabetes in Beijing, China—A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the main cause of blindness in diabetic patients. The worldwide prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy was recently estimated to be 34.6%. However, the prevalence and contributing factors of diabetic retinopathy remains controversial in the study areas. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and associated factor among type 2 diabetic patients in Beijing, China.

Methods: Cross-sectional study of all type 2 DM patients who attended diabetic eye screeningin Dongcheng District of Beijing from November 2022 to July 2023. A total of 2151 diabetes successfully completed ophthalmological examinations. The risk factors of DR were evaluated by OR value and 95% confidence interval after Binary logistic regression was used to adjust age and sex. Using SPSS22.0 software (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA) for statistical analysis.

Results: There were 129 DR in patients with diabetes mellitus, the prevalence of DR is 6.0% in type 2 diabetes. To analyze the risk factors of retinopathy after adjusting the age and sex in the peoples with diabetes. Multivariate regression analysis showed that duration of diabetes (8years, OR=1.54, 95%CI:, 1.13-2.12, P<0.01), body mass index (BMI≥24kg/m2, OR=1.78, 95%CI:, 1.31-2.78, P=0.039), systolic blood pressure (per10mmHg, OR=1.13, 95%CI: increased; 1.03-1.24, P=0.012), Glycated hemoglobin ( OR=1.22, 95%CI:, 1.15-1.29, P<0.001) were independent risk factors of DR.

Conclusions: The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes is 6.0%, which is significantly lower than that of most studies abroad and in China. The risk factors for diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetic people are the duration ofdiabetes, systolic pressure, body mass index and Glycated hemoglobin.These risk factors should be controlled for the prevention of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes.