587-P: Knowledge and Attitudes about Diabetes in San Antonio

Introduction & Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a growing concern in San Antonio, Texas, with a prevalence rate (16%) exceeding the national average. About one in five affected individuals are unaware of their diagnosis. We aimed to assess the awareness levels of diabetes risk factors and complications within the Bexar County population.

Methods: We conducted a community-based study by administering surveys to individuals outside stores such as HEB and Walmart, as well as at a health fair where participants received complimentary health check-ups. Direct emails to complete the survey were also sent.

Results:A total of 273 individuals (Med. 42, 71% female, 44% Hispanic) completed our survey on diabetes awareness. Notably, 70.7% of respondents reported having family members with diabetes. When questioned to estimate the prevalence of diabetes or pre-diabetes in the general population over 45 years of age, 42.1% believed that 50-75% of the population had diabetes, and 44.3% estimated the figure to be between 25-50%. Approximately 81.0% perceived a higher risk of diabetes among those with a family history of the disease, but only 68.9% believed they were personally at risk. Concerning personal health practices, 80.2% of participants had previously undergone diabetes-related blood tests, and 81.3% believed in the preventability of diabetes, citing healthy eating (90.1%), regular exercise (89.1%), and weight management (71.4%) as key strategies. While a majority claimed familiarity with diabetes-related effects, 5.9% admitted a lack of awareness. Among those aware, 76.6% associated diabetes with heart disease, 76.9% with blindness, 77.3% with kidney disease, and 86.8% with limb amputation.

Conclusion: Our study, inclusive of women (70%) and minorities, revealed overestimations of diabetes prevalence. However, 80% identified family history as a risk factor, and nearly 90% recognized the importance of a healthy lifestyle. Further research should target specific demographics for public health interventions.