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Volume 56, Issue 8

August 2007

Table of Contents

ISSN 0012-1797

EISSN 1939-327X

In this Issue

Metabolism
Signal Transduction
Obesity Studies
Islet Studies
Pathophysiology
Complications
Immunology and Transplantation
Genetics
Brief Reports
Online Letters to the Editor

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Metabolism

Reduced Incretin Effect in Type 2 Diabetes: Cause or Consequence of the Diabetic State?

Filip K. Knop; Tina Vilsbøll; Patricia V. Højberg; Steen Larsen; Sten Madsbad; Aage Vølund; Jens J. Holst; Thure Krarup

View articletitled, Reduced Incretin Effect in Type 2 Diabetes<span class="subtitle-colon">: </span><span class="subtitle">Cause or Consequence of the Diabetic State?</span>

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Diabetes August 2007, Vol.56, 1951-1959. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0100

Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Increased Ceramide Content Characterize Subjects With High Liver Fat Content Independent of Obesity

Maria Kolak; Jukka Westerbacka; Vidya R. Velagapudi; Dick Wågsäter; Laxman Yetukuri; Janne Makkonen; Aila Rissanen; Anna-Maija Häkkinen; Monica Lindell; Robert Bergholm; Anders Hamsten; Per Eriksson; Rachel M. Fisher; Matej Orešic̆; Hannele Yki-Järvinen

View articletitled, Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Increased Ceramide Content Characterize Subjects With High Liver Fat Content Independent of Obesity

Supplementary data

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Diabetes August 2007, Vol.56, 1960-1968. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0111

Impaired Fat Oxidation After a Single High-Fat Meal in Insulin-Sensitive Nondiabetic Individuals With a Family History of Type 2 Diabetes

Leonie K. Heilbronn; Søren Gregersen; Deepali Shirkhedkar; Dachun Hu; Lesley V. Campbell

View articletitled, Impaired Fat Oxidation After a Single High-Fat Meal in Insulin-Sensitive Nondiabetic Individuals With a Family History of Type 2 Diabetes

Supplementary data

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Diabetes August 2007, Vol.56, 2046-2053. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db06-1687

Progression to Type 2 Diabetes Characterized by Moderate Then Rapid Glucose Increases

Clinton C. Mason; Robert L. Hanson; William C. Knowler

View articletitled, Progression to Type 2 Diabetes Characterized by Moderate Then Rapid Glucose Increases

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Diabetes August 2007, Vol.56, 2054-2061. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0053

Skeletal Muscle Adaptation to Exercise Training : AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Mediates Muscle Fiber Type Shift

Katja S.C. Röckl; Michael F. Hirshman; Josef Brandauer; Nobuharu Fujii; Lee A. Witters; Laurie J. Goodyear

View articletitled, Skeletal Muscle Adaptation to Exercise Training <span class="subtitle-colon">: </span><span class="subtitle">AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Mediates Muscle Fiber Type Shift</span>

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Diabetes August 2007, Vol.56, 2062-2069. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0255

Inhibition of Lipolysis Stimulates Peripheral Glucose Uptake but Has No Effect on Endogenous Glucose Production in HIV Lipodystrophy

Birgitte Lindegaard; Christian Frøsig; Anne Marie W. Petersen; Peter Plomgaard; Susanne Ditlevsen; Bettina Mittendorfer; Gerrit Van Hall; Jørgen F.P. Wojtaszewski; Bente K. Pedersen

View articletitled, Inhibition of Lipolysis Stimulates Peripheral Glucose Uptake but Has No Effect on Endogenous Glucose Production in HIV Lipodystrophy

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Diabetes August 2007, Vol.56, 2070-2077. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0144

5-Aminoimidazole-4-Carboxamide 1-β-d-Ribofuranoside Acutely Stimulates Skeletal Muscle 2-Deoxyglucose Uptake in Healthy Men

Daniel J. Cuthbertson; John A. Babraj; Kirsteen J.W. Mustard; Mhairi C. Towler; Kevin A. Green; Henning Wackerhage; Graeme P. Leese; Keith Baar; Michaela Thomason-Hughes; Calum Sutherland; D. Grahame Hardie; Michael J. Rennie

View articletitled, 5-Aminoimidazole-4-Carboxamide 1-β-<span class="small-caps">d</span>-Ribofuranoside Acutely Stimulates Skeletal Muscle 2-Deoxyglucose Uptake in Healthy Men

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Diabetes August 2007, Vol.56, 2078-2084. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db06-1716

Excess Lipid Availability Increases Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidative Capacity in Muscle: Evidence Against a Role for Reduced Fatty Acid Oxidation in Lipid-Induced Insulin Resistance in Rodents

Nigel Turner; Clinton R. Bruce; Susan M. Beale; Kyle L. Hoehn; Trina So; Michael S. Rolph; Gregory J. Cooney

View articletitled, Excess Lipid Availability Increases Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidative Capacity in Muscle<span class="subtitle-colon">: </span><span class="subtitle">Evidence Against a Role for Reduced Fatty Acid Oxidation in Lipid-Induced Insulin Resistance in Rodents</span>

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Diabetes August 2007, Vol.56, 2085-2092. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0093

Signal Transduction

Adiponectin Resistance Exacerbates Insulin Resistance in Insulin Receptor Transgenic/Knockout Mice

Hua V. Lin; Ja-Young Kim; Alessandro Pocai; Luciano Rossetti; Lawrence Shapiro; Philipp E. Scherer; Domenico Accili

View articletitled, Adiponectin Resistance Exacerbates Insulin Resistance in Insulin Receptor Transgenic/Knockout Mice

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Diabetes August 2007, Vol.56, 1969-1976. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0127

The SUMO Conjugating Enzyme Ubc9 is a Regulator of GLUT4 Turnover and Targeting to the Insulin-Responsive Storage Compartment in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes

Li-Bin Liu; Waka Omata; Itaru Kojima; Hiroshi Shibata

View articletitled, The SUMO Conjugating Enzyme Ubc9 is a Regulator of GLUT4 Turnover and Targeting to the Insulin-Responsive Storage Compartment in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes

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Diabetes August 2007, Vol.56, 1977-1985. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db06-1100

Effects of Endurance Exercise Training on Insulin Signaling in Human Skeletal Muscle: Interactions at the Level of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase, Akt, and AS160

Christian Frøsig; Adam J. Rose; Jonas T. Treebak; Bente Kiens; Erik A. Richter; Jørgen F.P. Wojtaszewski

View articletitled, Effects of Endurance Exercise Training on Insulin Signaling in Human Skeletal Muscle<span class="subtitle-colon">: </span><span class="subtitle">Interactions at the Level of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase, Akt, and AS160</span>

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Diabetes August 2007, Vol.56, 2093-2102. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db06-1698

Obesity Studies

Loss-of-Function Mutation in Toll-Like Receptor 4 Prevents Diet-Induced Obesity and Insulin Resistance

Daniela M.L. Tsukumo; Marco A. Carvalho-Filho; José B.C. Carvalheira; Patrícia O. Prada; Sandro M. Hirabara; André A. Schenka; Eliana P. Araújo; José Vassallo; Rui Curi; Lício A. Velloso; Mario J.A. Saad

View articletitled, Loss-of-Function Mutation in Toll-Like Receptor 4 Prevents Diet-Induced Obesity and Insulin Resistance

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Diabetes August 2007, Vol.56, 1986-1998. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db06-1595

Islet Studies

Nkx2.2 Regulates β-Cell Function in the Mature Islet

Michelle J. Doyle; Lori Sussel

View articletitled, Nkx2.2 Regulates β-Cell Function in the Mature Islet

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Diabetes August 2007, Vol.56, 1999-2007. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db06-1766

Islet Surface Heparinization Prevents the Instant Blood-Mediated Inflammatory Reaction in Islet Transplantation

Sanja Cabric; Javier Sanchez; Torbjörn Lundgren; Aksel Foss; Marie Felldin; Ragnar Källen; Kaija Salmela; Annika Tibell; Gunnar Tufveson; Rolf Larsson; Olle Korsgren; Bo Nilsson

View articletitled, Islet Surface Heparinization Prevents the Instant Blood-Mediated Inflammatory Reaction in Islet Transplantation

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Diabetes August 2007, Vol.56, 2008-2015. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0358

High Expression Rates of Human Islet Amyloid Polypeptide Induce Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress–Mediated β-Cell Apoptosis, a Characteristic of Humans With Type 2 but Not Type 1 Diabetes

Chang-jiang Huang; Chia-yu Lin; Leena Haataja; Tatyana Gurlo; Alexandra E. Butler; Robert A. Rizza; Peter C. Butler

View articletitled, High Expression Rates of Human Islet Amyloid Polypeptide Induce Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress–Mediated β-Cell Apoptosis, a Characteristic of Humans With Type 2 but Not Type 1 Diabetes

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Diabetes August 2007, Vol.56, 2016-2027. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0197

The Actions of a Novel Potent Islet β-Cell–Specific ATP-Sensitive K⁺ Channel Opener Can Be Modulated by Syntaxin-1A Acting on Sulfonylurea Receptor 1

Betty Ng; Youhou Kang; Chadwick L. Elias; Yan He; Huanli Xie; John B. Hansen; Philip Wahl; Herbert Y. Gaisano

View articletitled, The Actions of a Novel Potent Islet β-Cell–Specific ATP-Sensitive K<sup>+</sup> Channel Opener Can Be Modulated by Syntaxin-1A Acting on Sulfonylurea Receptor 1

Supplementary data

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Diabetes August 2007, Vol.56, 2124-2134. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0030

Pathophysiology

Soluble Insulin Receptor Ectodomain Is Elevated in the Plasma of Patients With Diabetes

The Soluble Insulin Receptor Study Group

View articletitled, Soluble Insulin Receptor Ectodomain Is Elevated in the Plasma of Patients With Diabetes

Supplementary data

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Diabetes August 2007, Vol.56, 2028-2035. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0394

Association of the Estrogen Receptor-α Gene With the Metabolic Syndrome and Its Component Traits in African-American Families: The Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Family Study

Carla J. Gallagher; Carl D. Langefeld; Candace J. Gordon; Joel K. Campbell; Josyf C. Mychalecky; Michael Bryer-Ash; Stephen S. Rich; Donald W. Bowden; Michèle M. Sale

View articletitled, Association of the Estrogen Receptor-α Gene With the Metabolic Syndrome and Its Component Traits in African-American Families<span class="subtitle-colon">: </span><span class="subtitle">The Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Family Study</span>

Supplementary data

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Diabetes August 2007, Vol.56, 2135-2141. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db06-1017

Effects of Physical Activity and Weight Loss on Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria and Relationship With Glucose Control in Type 2 Diabetes

Frederico G.S. Toledo; Elizabeta V. Menshikova; Vladimir B. Ritov; Koichiro Azuma; Zofia Radikova; James DeLany; David E. Kelley

View articletitled, Effects of Physical Activity and Weight Loss on Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria and Relationship With Glucose Control in Type 2 Diabetes

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Diabetes August 2007, Vol.56, 2142-2147. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0141

Complications

Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor α/γ Dual Agonist Tesaglitazar Attenuates Diabetic Nephropathy in db/db Mice

Dae Ryong Cha; Xiaoyan Zhang; Yahua Zhang; Jing Wu; Dongming Su; Jee Young Han; Xuefen Fang; Bo Yu; Matthew D. Breyer; Youfei Guan

View articletitled, Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor α/γ Dual Agonist Tesaglitazar Attenuates Diabetic Nephropathy in <em>db/db</em> Mice

Supplementary data

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Diabetes August 2007, Vol.56, 2036-2045. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db06-1134

Surrogate Markers of Small Fiber Damage in Human Diabetic Neuropathy

Cristian Quattrini; Mitra Tavakoli; Maria Jeziorska; Panagiotis Kallinikos; Solomon Tesfaye; Joanne Finnigan; Andrew Marshall; Andrew J.M. Boulton; Nathan Efron; Rayaz A. Malik

View articletitled, Surrogate Markers of Small Fiber Damage in Human Diabetic Neuropathy

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Diabetes August 2007, Vol.56, 2148-2154. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0285

Podocyte Detachment and Reduced Glomerular Capillary Endothelial Fenestration in Human Type 1 Diabetic Nephropathy

Masao Toyoda; Behzad Najafian; Youngki Kim; M. Luiza Caramori; Michael Mauer

View articletitled, Podocyte Detachment and Reduced Glomerular Capillary Endothelial Fenestration in Human Type 1 Diabetic Nephropathy

Supplementary data

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Diabetes August 2007, Vol.56, 2155-2160. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0019

Immunology and Transplantation

Inhibition of Autoimmune Diabetes by Oral Administration of Anti-CD3 Monoclonal Antibody

Hiroki Ishikawa; Hirofumi Ochi; Mei-Ling Chen; Dan Frenkel; Ruth Maron; Howard L. Weiner

View articletitled, Inhibition of Autoimmune Diabetes by Oral Administration of Anti-CD3 Monoclonal Antibody

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Diabetes August 2007, Vol.56, 2103-2109. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db06-1632

T-Cell Responses to Islet Antigens Improves Detection of Autoimmune Diabetes and Identifies Patients With More Severe β-Cell Lesions in Phenotypic Type 2 Diabetes

Amit Goel; Harvey Chiu; Jamie Felton; Jerry P. Palmer; Barbara Brooks-Worrell

View articletitled, T-Cell Responses to Islet Antigens Improves Detection of Autoimmune Diabetes and Identifies Patients With More Severe β-Cell Lesions in Phenotypic Type 2 Diabetes

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Diabetes August 2007, Vol.56, 2110-2115. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db06-0552

Transfusion of Apoptotic β-Cells Induces Immune Tolerance to β-Cell Antigens and Prevents Type 1 Diabetes in NOD Mice

Chang-Qing Xia; Ruihua Peng; Yushi Qiu; Mani Annamalai; David Gordon; Michael J. Clare-Salzler

View articletitled, Transfusion of Apoptotic β-Cells Induces Immune Tolerance to β-Cell Antigens and Prevents Type 1 Diabetes in NOD Mice

Supplementary data

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Diabetes August 2007, Vol.56, 2116-2123. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db06-0825

Genetics

Multiple Variants in Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGFA) Are Risk Factors for Time to Severe Retinopathy in Type 1 Diabetes : The DCCT/EDIC Genetics Study

Hussam Al-Kateb; Lucia Mirea; Xinlei Xie; Lei Sun; Michelle Liu; Hongtao Chen; Shelley B. Bull; Andrew P. Boright; Andrew D. Paterson; for the DCCT/EDIC Research Group

View articletitled, Multiple Variants in Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGFA) Are Risk Factors for Time to Severe Retinopathy in Type 1 Diabetes <span class="subtitle-colon">: </span><span class="subtitle">The DCCT/EDIC Genetics Study</span>

Supplementary data

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Diabetes August 2007, Vol.56, 2161-2168. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0376

Brief Reports

Deletion of STAT-1 Pancreatic Islets Protects Against Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes and Early Graft Failure but Not Against Late Rejection

Hanne I. Callewaert; Conny A. Gysemans; Laurence Ladrière; Wannes D'Hertog; Julianna Hagenbrock; Lutgart Overbergh; Decio L. Eizirik; Chantal Mathieu

View articletitled, Deletion of STAT-1 Pancreatic Islets Protects Against Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes and Early Graft Failure but Not Against Late Rejection

Supplementary data

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Diabetes August 2007, Vol.56, 2169-2173. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0052

Selective Downregulation of the High–Molecular Weight Form of Adiponectin in Hyperinsulinemia and in Type 2 Diabetes : Differential Regulation From Nondiabetic Subjects

Rita Basu; Utpal B. Pajvani; Robert A. Rizza; Philipp E. Scherer

View articletitled, Selective Downregulation of the High–Molecular Weight Form of Adiponectin in Hyperinsulinemia and in Type 2 Diabetes <span class="subtitle-colon">: </span><span class="subtitle">Differential Regulation From Nondiabetic Subjects</span>

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Diabetes August 2007, Vol.56, 2174-2177. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0185

Variation in TCF7L2 Influences Therapeutic Response to Sulfonylureas: A GoDARTs Study

Ewan R. Pearson; Louise A. Donnelly; Charlotte Kimber; Adrian Whitley; Alex S.F. Doney; Mark I. McCarthy; Andrew T. Hattersley; Andrew D. Morris; Colin N.A. Palmer

View articletitled, Variation in <em>TCF7L2</em> Influences Therapeutic Response to Sulfonylureas<span class="subtitle-colon">: </span><span class="subtitle">A GoDARTs Study</span>

Supplementary data

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Diabetes August 2007, Vol.56, 2178-2182. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0440

Online Letters to the Editor

Comment on: Lin et al. (2007) SUMO4 M55V Variant Is Associated With Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes: Diabetes 56:1177–1180

Gottfried Rudofsky, Jr.; Andreas Schlotterer; Peter P. Nawroth; Angelika Bierhaus; Andreas Hamann

View articletitled, Comment on: Lin et al. (2007) <em>SUMO4</em> M55V Variant Is Associated With Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes: <em>Diabetes</em> 56:1177–1180

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Diabetes August 2007, Vol.56, e11. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0237

Response to Comment on: Lin et al. (2007) SUMO4 M55V Variant Is Associated With Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes: Diabetes 56:1177–1180

Shyi-Jang Shin; Hsing-Yi Lin; Chiao-Ling Wang; Pi-Jung Hsiao; Kun-Der Lin

View articletitled, Response to Comment on: Lin et al. (2007) <em>SUMO4</em> M55V Variant Is Associated With Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes: <em>Diabetes</em> 56:1177–1180

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Diabetes August 2007, Vol.56, e12-e13. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0547

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Print ISSN 0012-1797

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