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Commentaries
Abdominal Adiposity and Diabetes Risk: The Importance of Precise Measures and Longitudinal Studies
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1153-1155. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db08-0286
Islet Autoreactive CD8 T-cells in Type 1 Diabetes: Licensed to Kill?
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1156. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db08-0264
Central Versus Peripheral Glucose Sensing and the Response to Hypoglycemia
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1158-1159. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db08-0315
Genetic Similarities Between Latent Autoimmune Diabetes and Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1160-1162. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1786
Editorial
Intensive Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Disease Observations From the ACCORD Study: Now What Can a Clinician Possibly Think?
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1163-1165. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db08-0220
Metabolism
Asian Indians Have Enhanced Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Capacity to Produce ATP in Association With Severe Insulin Resistance
K. Sreekumaran Nair; Maureen L. Bigelow; Yan W. Asmann; Lisa S. Chow; Jill M. Coenen-Schimke; Katherine A. Klaus; Zeng-Kui Guo; Raghavakaimal Sreekumar; Brian A. Irving
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1166-1175. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1556
Dietary Phytoestrogens Activate AMP-Activated Protein Kinase With Improvement in Lipid and Glucose Metabolism
Christopher R. Cederroth; Manlio Vinciguerra; Asllan Gjinovci; Françoise Kühne; Marcella Klein; Manon Cederroth; Dorothée Caille; Mariane Suter; Dietbert Neumann; Richard W. James; Daniel R. Doerge; Theo Wallimann; Paolo Meda; Michelangelo Foti; Françoise Rohner-Jeanrenaud; Jean-Dominique Vassalli; Serge Nef
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1176-1185. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0630
Plasma Free Fatty Acid Storage in Subcutaneous and Visceral Adipose Tissue in Postabsorptive Women
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1186-1194. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0664
Signal Transduction
Rab GTPase-Activating Protein AS160 Is a Major Downstream Effector of Protein Kinase B/Akt Signaling in Pancreatic β-Cells
Karim Bouzakri; Pascale Ribaux; Alejandra Tomas; Geraldine Parnaud; Katharina Rickenbach; Philippe A. Halban
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1195-1204. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1469
Exendin-4 Protects β-Cells From Interleukin-1β–Induced Apoptosis by Interfering With the c-Jun NH2-Terminal Kinase Pathway
Mourad Ferdaoussi; Saida Abdelli; Jiang-Yan Yang; Marion Cornu; Guy Niederhauser; Dimitri Favre; Christian Widmann; Romano Regazzi; Bernard Thorens; Gérard Waeber; Amar Abderrahmani
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1205-1215. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1214
STAT3 Sensitizes Insulin Signaling by Negatively Regulating Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1227-1235. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db06-1582
Double-Stranded RNA Induces Pancreatic β-Cell Apoptosis by Activation of the Toll-Like Receptor 3 and Interferon Regulatory Factor 3 Pathways
Zeynep Dogusan; Mónica García; Daisy Flamez; Lena Alexopoulou; Michel Goldman; Conny Gysemans; Chantal Mathieu; Claude Libert; Decio L. Eizirik; Joanne Rasschaert
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1236-1245. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0844
Obesity Studies
Serum FGF21 Levels Are Increased in Obesity and Are Independently Associated With the Metabolic Syndrome in Humans
Xinmei Zhang; Dennis C.Y. Yeung; Michal Karpisek; David Stejskal; Zhi-Guang Zhou; Feng Liu; Rachel L.C. Wong; Wing-Sun Chow; Annette W.K. Tso; Karen S.L. Lam; Aimin Xu
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1246-1253. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1476
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 Deficiency Fails to Restrain Macrophage Infiltration Into Adipose Tissue
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1254-1261. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1061
The Role of Adipocyte Insulin Resistance in the Pathogenesis of Obesity-Related Elevations in Endocannabinoids
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1262-1268. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1186
Visceral Adiposity, Not Abdominal Subcutaneous Fat Area, Is Associated With an Increase in Future Insulin Resistance in Japanese Americans
Tomoshige Hayashi; Edward J. Boyko; Marguerite J. McNeely; Donna L. Leonetti; Steven E. Kahn; Wilfred Y. Fujimoto
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1269-1275. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1378
Immunology and Transplantation
Identification of Tyrosine Phosphatase 2(256–760) Construct as a New, Sensitive Marker for the Detection of Islet Autoimmunity in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: The Non–Insulin Requiring Autoimmune Diabetes (NIRAD) Study 2*
Claudio Tiberti; Carla Giordano; Mattia Locatelli; Emanuele Bosi; Gian Franco Bottazzo; Raffaella Buzzetti; Domenico Cucinotta; Aldo Galluzzo; Alberto Falorni; Francesco Dotta
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1276-1283. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0874
Proapoptotic BH3-Only Protein Bid Is Essential For Death Receptor–Induced Apoptosis of Pancreatic β-Cells
Mark D. McKenzie; Emma M. Carrington; Thomas Kaufmann; Andreas Strasser; David C.S. Huang; Thomas W.H. Kay; Janette Allison; Helen E. Thomas
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1284-1292. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1692
COOH-Terminal Clustering of Autoantibody and T-Cell Determinants on the Structure of GAD65 Provide Insights Into the Molecular Basis of Autoreactivity
Gustavo Fenalti; Christiane S. Hampe; Yasir Arafat; Ruby H.P. Law; J. Paul Banga; Ian R. Mackay; James C. Whisstock; Ashley M. Buckle; Merrill J. Rowley
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1293-1301. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1461
Regulatory T-Cells Protect From Type 1 Diabetes After Induction by Coxsackievirus Infection in the Context of Transforming Growth Factor-β
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1302-1311. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1460
The Frequency and Immunodominance of Islet-Specific CD8+ T-cell Responses Change after Type 1 Diabetes Diagnosis and Treatment
Emanuela Martinuzzi; Giulia Novelli; Matthieu Scotto; Philippe Blancou; Jean-Marie Bach; Lucy Chaillous; Graziella Bruno; Lucienne Chatenoud; Peter van Endert; Roberto Mallone
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1312-1320. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1594
On the Pathogenicity of Autoantigen-Specific T-Cell Receptors
Amanda R. Burton; Erica Vincent; Paula Y. Arnold; Greig P. Lennon; Matthew Smeltzer; Chin-Shang Li; Kathryn Haskins; John Hutton; Roland M. Tisch; Eli E. Sercarz; Pere Santamaria; Creg J. Workman; Dario A.A. Vignali
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1321-1330. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1129
Inhibition of Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV With Sitagliptin (MK0431) Prolongs Islet Graft Survival in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1331-1339. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1639
Pathophysiology
Separate Impact of Obesity and Glucose Tolerance on the Incretin Effect in Normal Subjects and Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Elza Muscelli; Andrea Mari; Arturo Casolaro; Stefania Camastra; Giuseppe Seghieri; Amalia Gastaldelli; Jens J. Holst; Ele Ferrannini
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1340-1348. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1315
Oscillating Glucose Is More Deleterious to Endothelial Function and Oxidative Stress Than Mean Glucose in Normal and Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Antonio Ceriello; Katherine Esposito; Ludovica Piconi; Michael A. Ihnat; Jessica E. Thorpe; Roberto Testa; Massimo Boemi; Dario Giugliano
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1349-1354. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db08-0063
Increased Expression and Activity of the Transcription Factor FOXO1 in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis
Luca Valenti; Raffaela Rametta; Paola Dongiovanni; Marco Maggioni; Anna Ludovica Fracanzani; Marco Zappa; Enzo Lattuada; Giancarlo Roviaro; Silvia Fargion
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1355-1362. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0714
Complications
Increased GABAergic Tone in the Ventromedial Hypothalamus Contributes to Suppression of Counterregulatory Reponses After Antecedent Hypoglycemia
Owen Chan; Haiying Cheng; Raimund Herzog; Daniel Czyzyk; Wanling Zhu; Ajin Wang; Rory J. McCrimmon; Margretta R. Seashore; Robert S. Sherwin
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1363-1370. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1559
Ventromedial Hypothalamic Glucokinase Is an Important Mediator of the Counterregulatory Response to Insulin-Induced Hypoglycemia
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1371-1379. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1755
The Locus for Hypoglycemic Detection Shifts With the Rate of Fall in Glycemia: The Role of Portal–Superior Mesenteric Vein Glucose Sensing
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1380-1386. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1528
5-Lipoxygenase, but Not 12/15-Lipoxygenase, Contributes to Degeneration of Retinal Capillaries in a Mouse Model of Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1387-1393. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1217
Pharmacology and Therapeutics
Selective Activation of Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor (PPAR)α and PPARγ Induces Neoangiogenesis Through a Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor–Dependent Mechanism
Federico Biscetti; Eleonora Gaetani; Andrea Flex; Tamar Aprahamian; Teresa Hopkins; Giuseppe Straface; Giovanni Pecorini; Egidio Stigliano; Roy C. Smith; Flavia Angelini; John J. Castellot, Jr.; Roberto Pola
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1394-1404. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0765
Liver-Specific Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor α Target Gene Regulation by the Angiotensin Type 1 Receptor Blocker Telmisartan
Markus Clemenz; Nikolaj Frost; Michael Schupp; Sandrine Caron; Anna Foryst-Ludwig; Christian Böhm; Martin Hartge; Ronald Gust; Bart Staels; Thomas Unger; Ulrich Kintscher
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1405-1413. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0839
Berberine and Its More Biologically Available Derivative, Dihydroberberine, Inhibit Mitochondrial Respiratory Complex I: A Mechanism for the Action of Berberine to Activate AMP-Activated Protein Kinase and Improve Insulin Action
Nigel Turner; Jing-Ya Li; Alison Gosby; Sabrina W.C. To; Zhe Cheng; Hiroyuki Miyoshi; Makoto M. Taketo; Gregory J. Cooney; Edward W. Kraegen; David E. James; Li-Hong Hu; Jia Li; Ji-Ming Ye
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1414-1418. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1552
Genetics
Common Variation in the FTO Gene Alters Diabetes-Related Metabolic Traits to the Extent Expected Given Its Effect on BMI
Rachel M. Freathy; Nicholas J. Timpson; Debbie A. Lawlor; Anneli Pouta; Yoav Ben-Shlomo; Aimo Ruokonen; Shah Ebrahim; Beverley Shields; Eleftheria Zeggini; Michael N. Weedon; Cecilia M. Lindgren; Hana Lango; David Melzer; Luigi Ferrucci; Giuseppe Paolisso; Matthew J. Neville; Fredrik Karpe; Colin N.A. Palmer; Andrew D. Morris; Paul Elliott; Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin; George Davey Smith; Mark I. McCarthy; Andrew T. Hattersley; Timothy M. Frayling
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1419-1426. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1466
AHSG Tag Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associate With Type 2 Diabetes and Dyslipidemia: Studies of Metabolic Traits in 7,683 White Danish Subjects
Gitte Andersen; Kristoffer Sølvsten Burgdorf; Thomas Sparsø; Knut Borch-Johnsen; Torben Jørgensen; Torben Hansen; Oluf Pedersen
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1427-1432. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0558
Genetic Similarities Between Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults, Type 1 Diabetes, and Type 2 Diabetes
Camilla Cervin; Valeriya Lyssenko; Ekaterine Bakhtadze; Eero Lindholm; Peter Nilsson; Tiinamaija Tuomi; Corrado M. Cilio; Leif Groop
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, 1433-1437. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0299
Online Letters to the Editor
Response to Comment on: DiChiara et al. (2007) The Effect of Aspirin Dosing on Platelet Function in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Patients: An Analysis From the Aspirin-Induced Platelet Effect (ASPECT) Study: Diabetes 56:3014–3019, 2007
Joseph DiChiara; Kevin P. Bliden; Udaya S. Tantry; Miruais S. Hamed; Mark J. Antonino; Thomas A. Suarez; Oscar Bailon; Anand Singla; Paul A. Gurbel
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, e11. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db08-0250
Comment on: Edghill et al. (2008) Insulin Mutation Screening in 1,044 Patients With Diabetes: Mutations in the INS Gene Are a Common Cause of Neonatal Diabetes but a Rare Cause of Diabetes Diagnosed in Childhood or Adulthood: Diabetes 57:1034–1042, 2008
Diabetes May 2008, Vol.57, e9. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db08-0091