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Metabolism

Obese Mice Lacking Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Are Sensitized to the Metabolic Actions of Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor-γ Agonism

Patrice Dallaire; Kerstin Bellmann; Mathieu Laplante; Stéphanie Gélinas; Carolina Centeno-Baez; Patrice Penfornis; Marie-Line Peyot; Martin G. Latour; Julien Lamontagne; Maria E. Trujillo; Philipp E. Scherer; Marc Prentki; Yves Deshaies; André Marette

Abstracts

View articletitled, Obese Mice Lacking Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Are Sensitized to the Metabolic Actions of Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor-γ Agonism

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Topics: mice , mice, obese , nitric oxide synthase , rosiglitazone , obesity

Diabetes August 2008, Vol.57, 1999-2011. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db08-0540

Partial Resistance to Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor-α Agonists in ZDF Rats Is Associated With Defective Hepatic Mitochondrial Metabolism

Santhosh Satapati; TianTeng He; Takeshi Inagaki; Matthew Potthoff; Matthew E. Merritt; Victoria Esser; David J. Mangelsdorf; Steven A. Kliewer; Jeffrey D. Browning; Shawn C. Burgess

Abstracts

View articletitled, Partial Resistance to Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor-α Agonists in ZDF Rats Is Associated With Defective Hepatic Mitochondrial Metabolism

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Topics: agonists , glucose , oxidation , peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors , rats

Diabetes August 2008, Vol.57, 2012-2021. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db08-0226

Relationship of Abdominal Visceral and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue With Lipoprotein Particle Number and Size in Type 2 Diabetes

Susan Sam; Steven Haffner; Michael H. Davidson; Ralph B. D'Agostino, Sr.; Steven Feinstein; George Kondos; Alfonso Perez; Theodore Mazzone

Abstracts

View articletitled, Relationship of Abdominal Visceral and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue With Lipoprotein Particle Number and Size in Type 2 Diabetes

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Topics: diabetes mellitus, type 2 , lipoproteins , lipoproteins, vldl , low-density lipoproteins , statins

Diabetes August 2008, Vol.57, 2022-2027. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db08-0157

Cannabinoid Type 1 Receptor Blockade Promotes Mitochondrial Biogenesis Through Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression in White Adipocytes

Laura Tedesco; Alessandra Valerio; Cristina Cervino; Annalisa Cardile; Claudio Pagano; Roberto Vettor; Renato Pasquali; Michele O. Carruba; Giovanni Marsicano; Beat Lutz; Uberto Pagotto; Enzo Nisoli

Abstracts

View articletitled, Cannabinoid Type 1 Receptor Blockade Promotes Mitochondrial Biogenesis Through Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression in White Adipocytes

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Topics: adipocytes , diet, high-fat , mice , mitochondria , nitric oxide synthase

Diabetes August 2008, Vol.57, 2028-2036. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1623

Consequences of Lipid Droplet Coat Protein Downregulation in Liver Cells: Abnormal Lipid Droplet Metabolism and Induction of Insulin Resistance

Ming Bell; Hong Wang; Hui Chen; John C. McLenithan; Da-Wei Gong; Rong-Zee Yang; Daozhan Yu; Susan K. Fried; Michael J. Quon; Constantine Londos; Carole Sztalryd

Abstracts

View articletitled, Consequences of Lipid Droplet Coat Protein Downregulation in Liver Cells: Abnormal Lipid Droplet Metabolism and Induction of Insulin Resistance

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Topics: antibodies , cell culture techniques , down-regulation , hepatocytes , immunoblotting

Diabetes August 2008, Vol.57, 2037-2045. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1383

Arcuate Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptors Regulate Glucose Homeostasis but Not Food Intake

Darleen A. Sandoval; Didier Bagnol; Stephen C. Woods; David A. D'Alessio; Randy J. Seeley

Abstracts

View articletitled, Arcuate Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptors Regulate Glucose Homeostasis but Not Food Intake

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Topics: glucagon-like peptide 1 , glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor , glucose , pro-opiomelanocortin , glucose homeostasis

Diabetes August 2008, Vol.57, 2046-2054. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1824

The Human Lipodystrophy Gene BSCL2/Seipin May Be Essential for Normal Adipocyte Differentiation

Victoria A. Payne; Neil Grimsey; Antoinette Tuthill; Sam Virtue; Sarah L. Gray; Edoardo Dalla Nora; Robert K. Semple; Stephen O'Rahilly; Justin J. Rochford

Abstracts

View articletitled, The Human Lipodystrophy Gene BSCL2/Seipin May Be Essential for Normal Adipocyte Differentiation

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Topics: adipocytes , adipose tissue , genes , lipodystrophy , rna

Diabetes August 2008, Vol.57, 2055-2060. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db08-0184

Hypothalamic Protein Kinase C Regulates Glucose Production

Rachel Ross; Penny Y.T. Wang; Madhu Chari; Carol K.L. Lam; Liora Caspi; Hiraku Ono; Evan D. Muse; Xiaosong Li; Roger Gutierrez-Juarez; Peter E. Light; Gary J. Schwartz; Luciano Rossetti; Tony K.T. Lam

Abstracts

View articletitled, Hypothalamic Protein Kinase C Regulates Glucose Production

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Topics: glucose , hypothalamus , protein kinase c , lipids , rats

Diabetes August 2008, Vol.57, 2061-2065. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db08-0206

Signal Transduction

siRNA-Mediated Reduction of Inhibitor of Nuclear Factor-κB Kinase Prevents Tumor Necrosis Factor-α–Induced Insulin Resistance in Human Skeletal Muscle

Reginald L. Austin; Anna Rune; Karim Bouzakri; Juleen R. Zierath; Anna Krook

Abstracts

View articletitled, siRNA-Mediated Reduction of Inhibitor of Nuclear Factor-κB Kinase Prevents Tumor Necrosis Factor-α–Induced Insulin Resistance in Human Skeletal Muscle

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Topics: insulin , insulin resistance , phosphorylation , phosphotransferases , proto-oncogene proteins c-akt

Diabetes August 2008, Vol.57, 2066-2073. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0763

Autocrine IGF-1 Action in Adipocytes Controls Systemic IGF-1 Concentrations and Growth

Nora Klöting; Linda Koch; Thomas Wunderlich; Matthias Kern; Karen Ruschke; Wilhelm Krone; Jens C. Brüning; Matthias Blüher

Abstracts

View articletitled, Autocrine IGF-1 Action in Adipocytes Controls Systemic IGF-1 Concentrations and Growth

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Topics: insulin-like growth factor i , insulin-like-growth factor i receptor , mice , adipocytes , adipose tissue

Diabetes August 2008, Vol.57, 2074-2082. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1538

Impact of Oxidative Stress and Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor γ Coactivator-1α in Hepatic Insulin Resistance

Naoki Kumashiro; Yoshifumi Tamura; Toyoyoshi Uchida; Takeshi Ogihara; Yoshio Fujitani; Takahisa Hirose; Hideki Mochizuki; Ryuzo Kawamori; Hirotaka Watada

Abstracts

View articletitled, Impact of Oxidative Stress and Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor γ Coactivator-1α in Hepatic Insulin Resistance

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Topics: cyclic amp-responsive dna-binding protein , insulin , insulin resistance , liver , mice

Diabetes August 2008, Vol.57, 2083-2091. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db08-0144

Obesity Studies

Brain Apolipoprotein E: an Important Regulator of Food Intake in Rats

Ling Shen; Patrick Tso; Stephen C. Woods; Deborah J. Clegg; Kyna L. Barber; Katherine Carey; Min Liu

Abstracts

View articletitled, Brain Apolipoprotein E: an Important Regulator of Food Intake in Rats

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Topics: apolipoprotein e , rats , eating , rna, messenger , hypothalamus

Diabetes August 2008, Vol.57, 2092-2098. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db08-0291

Immunology and Transplantation

T-Cell Promiscuity in Autoimmune Diabetes

Li Li; Bo Wang; Jeffrey A. Frelinger; Roland Tisch

Abstracts

View articletitled, T-Cell Promiscuity in Autoimmune Diabetes

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Topics: clone cells , t-lymphocytes , epitopes , peptides

Diabetes August 2008, Vol.57, 2099-2106. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db08-0383

Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin and Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin–Conditioned Dendritic Cells Induce Regulatory T-Cell Differentiation and Protection of NOD Mice Against Diabetes

Gilles Besin; Simon Gaudreau; Michaël Ménard; Chantal Guindi; Gilles Dupuis; Abdelaziz Amrani

Abstracts

View articletitled, Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin and Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin–Conditioned Dendritic Cells Induce Regulatory T-Cell Differentiation and Protection of NOD Mice Against Diabetes

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Topics: thymic stromal lymphopoietin , t-lymphocytes , mice, inbred nod , dendritic cells

Diabetes August 2008, Vol.57, 2107-2117. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db08-0171

Extracellular High-Mobility Group Box 1 Acts as an Innate Immune Mediator to Enhance Autoimmune Progression and Diabetes Onset in NOD Mice

Junyan Han; Jinxin Zhong; Wenzhong Wei; Ying Wang; Yafei Huang; Ping Yang; Sharad Purohit; Zheng Dong; Mong-Heng Wang; Jin-Xiong She; Feili Gong; David M. Stern; Cong-Yi Wang

Abstracts

View articletitled, Extracellular High-Mobility Group Box 1 Acts as an Innate Immune Mediator to Enhance Autoimmune Progression and Diabetes Onset in NOD Mice

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Topics: hmgb1 protein

Diabetes August 2008, Vol.57, 2118-2127. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1499

Pancreatic Duct Cells in Human Islet Cell Preparations Are a Source of Angiogenic Cytokines Interleukin-8 and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor

Babak Movahedi; Conny Gysemans; Daniel Jacobs-Tulleneers-Thevissen; Chantal Mathieu; Daniel Pipeleers

Abstracts

View articletitled, Pancreatic Duct Cells in Human Islet Cell Preparations Are a Source of Angiogenic Cytokines Interleukin-8 and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor

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Topics: interleukin-8 , vascular endothelial growth factor a , angiogenesis , pancreatic ducts , endocrine pancreas

Diabetes August 2008, Vol.57, 2128-2136. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1705

Islet Studies

PANIC-ATTAC: A Mouse Model for Inducible and Reversible β-Cell Ablation

Zhao V. Wang; James Mu; Todd D. Schraw; Laurent Gautron; Joel K. Elmquist; Bei B. Zhang; Michael Brownlee; Philipp E. Scherer

Abstracts

View articletitled, PANIC-ATTAC: A Mouse Model for Inducible and Reversible β-Cell Ablation

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Topics: insulin , mice , panic , hyperglycemia , ablation

Diabetes August 2008, Vol.57, 2137-2148. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1631

Pathophysiology

Activation of Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor β/δ Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cytokine Production in Adipocytes by Lowering Nuclear Factor-κB Activity via Extracellular Signal–Related Kinase 1/2

Ricardo Rodríguez-Calvo; Lucía Serrano; Teresa Coll; Norman Moullan; Rosa M. Sánchez; Manuel Merlos; Xavier Palomer; Juan C. Laguna; Liliane Michalik; Walter Wahli; Manuel Vázquez-Carrera

Abstracts

View articletitled, Activation of Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor β/δ Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cytokine Production in Adipocytes by Lowering Nuclear Factor-κB Activity via Extracellular Signal–Related Kinase 1/2

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Topics: adipocytes , cytokine , interleukin-6 , peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors , phosphotransferases

Diabetes August 2008, Vol.57, 2149-2157. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db08-0176

Altered Calcium Homeostasis Does Not Explain the Contractile Deficit of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy

Lin Zhang; Mark B. Cannell; Anthony R.J. Phillips; Garth J.S. Cooper; Marie-Louise Ward

Abstracts

View articletitled, Altered Calcium Homeostasis Does Not Explain the Contractile Deficit of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy

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Topics: actins , diabetic cardiomyopathy , immunohistochemistry , muscle contraction , rats

Diabetes August 2008, Vol.57, 2158-2166. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db08-0140

Complications

Exposure to Maternal Diabetes Induces Salt-Sensitive Hypertension and Impairs Renal Function in Adult Rat Offspring

Touria Nehiri; Jean-Paul Duong Van Huyen; Mélanie Viltard; Céline Fassot; Didier Heudes; Nicole Freund; Georges Deschênes; Pascal Houillier; Patrick Bruneval; Martine Lelièvre-Pégorier

Abstracts

View articletitled, Exposure to Maternal Diabetes Induces Salt-Sensitive Hypertension and Impairs Renal Function in Adult Rat Offspring

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Topics: diet , dietary sodium chloride , gestational diabetes , hypertension , kidney

Diabetes August 2008, Vol.57, 2167-2175. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0780

Heritability of Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

Kustaa Hietala; Carol Forsblom; Paula Summanen; Per-Henrik Groop; on behalf of the FinnDiane Study Group

Abstracts

View articletitled, Heritability of Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

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Topics: diabetes mellitus, type 1 , diabetic retinopathy , proliferative diabetic retinopathy , retinal diseases

Diabetes August 2008, Vol.57, 2176-2180. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1495

Protein Kinase C-δ Mediates Neuronal Apoptosis in the Retinas of Diabetic Rats via the Akt Signaling Pathway

Young-Hee Kim; Yoon-Sook Kim; Chang-Hwan Park; In-Yong Chung; Ji-Myong Yoo; Jae-Geun Kim; Byung-Ju Lee; Sang-Soo Kang; Gyeong-Jae Cho; Wan-Sung Choi

Abstracts

View articletitled, Protein Kinase C-δ Mediates Neuronal Apoptosis in the Retinas of Diabetic Rats via the Akt Signaling Pathway

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Topics: antibodies , hsp90 heat-shock proteins , proto-oncogene proteins c-akt , rats , rats, inbred oletf

Diabetes August 2008, Vol.57, 2181-2190. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1431

Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Signaling Contributes to Synaptophysin Degradation and Neuronal Dysfunction in the Diabetic Retina

Toshihide Kurihara; Yoko Ozawa; Norihiro Nagai; Kei Shinoda; Kousuke Noda; Yutaka Imamura; Kazuo Tsubota; Hideyuki Okano; Yuichi Oike; Susumu Ishida

Abstracts

View articletitled, Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Signaling Contributes to Synaptophysin Degradation and Neuronal Dysfunction in the Diabetic Retina

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Topics: angiotensin ii , retina , synaptophysin , valsartan , catabolism

Diabetes August 2008, Vol.57, 2191-2198. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1281

Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Pck1 Gene Silencing in the Liver Improves Glycemia Control, Insulin Sensitivity, and Dyslipidemia in db/db Mice

Alicia G. Gómez-Valadés; Andrés Méndez-Lucas; Anna Vidal-Alabró; Francese X. Blasco; Miguel Chillon; Ramon Bartrons; Jordi Bermúdez; José C. Perales

Abstracts

View articletitled, Pck1 Gene Silencing in the Liver Improves Glycemia Control, Insulin Sensitivity, and Dyslipidemia in db/db Mice

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Topics: liver , mice , phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase , insulin , glucose

Diabetes August 2008, Vol.57, 2199-2210. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1087

Selective Small-Molecule Agonists of G Protein–Coupled Receptor 40 Promote Glucose-Dependent Insulin Secretion and Reduce Blood Glucose in Mice

Carina P. Tan; Yue Feng; Yun-Ping Zhou; George J. Eiermann; Aleksandr Petrov; Changyou Zhou; Songnian Lin; Gino Salituro; Peter Meinke; Ralph Mosley; Taro E. Akiyama; Monica Einstein; Sanjeev Kumar; Joel P. Berger; Sander G. Mills; Nancy A. Thornberry; Lihu Yang; Andrew D. Howard

Abstracts

View articletitled, Selective Small-Molecule Agonists of G Protein–Coupled Receptor 40 Promote Glucose-Dependent Insulin Secretion and Reduce Blood Glucose in Mice

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Topics: agonists , glucose , guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors , mice , insulin secretion

Diabetes August 2008, Vol.57, 2211-2219. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db08-0130

Genetics

Association Analysis in African Americans of European-Derived Type 2 Diabetes Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms From Whole-Genome Association Studies

Joshua P. Lewis; Nicholette D. Palmer; Pamela J. Hicks; Michele M. Sale; Carl D. Langefeld; Barry I. Freedman; Jasmin Divers; Donald W. Bowden

Abstracts

View articletitled, Association Analysis in African Americans of European-Derived Type 2 Diabetes Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms From Whole-Genome Association Studies

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Topics: diabetes mellitus, type 2 , genotype determination , single nucleotide polymorphism , genome

Diabetes August 2008, Vol.57, 2220-2225. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1319

Implication of Genetic Variants Near TCF7L2, SLC30A8, HHEX, CDKAL1, CDKN2A/B, IGF2BP2, and FTO in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity in 6,719 Asians

Maggie C.Y. Ng; Kyong Soo Park; Bermseok Oh; Claudia H.T. Tam; Young Min Cho; Hyoung Doo Shin; Vincent K.L. Lam; Ronald C.W. Ma; Wing Yee So; Yoon Shin Cho; Hyung-Lae Kim; Hong Kyu Lee; Juliana C.N. Chan; Nam H. Cho

Abstracts

View articletitled, Implication of Genetic Variants Near TCF7L2, SLC30A8, HHEX, CDKAL1, CDKN2A/B, IGF2BP2, and FTO in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity in 6,719 Asians

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Topics: diabetes mellitus, type 2 , fto gene , genes , genes, p16 , obesity

Diabetes August 2008, Vol.57, 2226-2233. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1583

Role of the Transcription Factor Sox4 in Insulin Secretion and Impaired Glucose Tolerance

Michelle Goldsworthy; Alison Hugill; Helen Freeman; Emma Horner; Kenju Shimomura; Debora Bogani; Guido Pieles; Vesna Mijat; Ruth Arkell; Shoumo Bhattacharya; Frances M. Ashcroft; Roger D. Cox

Abstracts

View articletitled, Role of the Transcription Factor Sox4 in Insulin Secretion and Impaired Glucose Tolerance

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Topics: calcium , embryo , glucose , glucose intolerance , heterozygote

Diabetes August 2008, Vol.57, 2234-2244. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-0337

Common Variation in the Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated (FTO) Gene Confers Risk of Obesity and Modulates BMI in the Chinese Population

Yi-Cheng Chang; Pi-Hua Liu; Wei-Jei Lee; Tien-Jyun Chang; Yi-Der Jiang; Hung-Yuan Li; Shan-Shan Kuo; Kuang-Chin Lee; Lee-Ming Chuang

Abstracts

View articletitled, Common Variation in the Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated (FTO) Gene Confers Risk of Obesity and Modulates BMI in the Chinese Population

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Topics: body mass index procedure , fto gene , obesity , single nucleotide polymorphism , diabetes mellitus, type 2

Diabetes August 2008, Vol.57, 2245-2252. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db08-0377

The Common P446L Polymorphism in GCKR Inversely Modulates Fasting Glucose and Triglyceride Levels and Reduces Type 2 Diabetes Risk in the DESIR Prospective General French Population

Martine Vaxillaire; Christine Cavalcanti-Proença; Aurélie Dechaume; Jean Tichet; Michel Marre; Beverley Balkau; Philippe Froguel; for the DESIR Study Group

Abstracts

View articletitled, The Common P446L Polymorphism in GCKR Inversely Modulates Fasting Glucose and Triglyceride Levels and Reduces Type 2 Diabetes Risk in the DESIR Prospective General French Population

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Topics: alleles , desir cohort , diabetes mellitus, type 2 , fasting , fasting blood glucose measurement

Diabetes August 2008, Vol.57, 2253-2257. doi:https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1807

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