American Diabetes Association

TABLE 1

Prevalence, mean absolute carotid IMT, and excess carotid IMT for each IRS component and the 57 possible combinations of IRS groupings for 11,790 middle-aged adults

Categorical IRS Component									Prevalence (%)	Mean Absolute IMT (μm)	Excess IMT (μm)
Hyperinsulinemia	Hypertension	Low HDL cholesterol	Hypertriglyceridemia	Obesity	Hyperglycemia				Prevalence (%)	Mean Absolute IMT (μm)	Excess IMT (μm)
Individual IRS components
X						18	760 ± 187	6 (−6, 17)
	X					30	777 ± 200	14 (3, 24)
		X				24	770 ± 191	6 (−3, 15)
			X			10	773 ± 200	16 (4, 29)
				X		63	744 ± 175	6 (−5, 16)
					X	42	765 ± 187	13 (4, 22)
Two-component IRS groupings
	X				X	16	785 ± 201	0.5 (−10, 11)
X				X		16	760 ± 183	2 (−10, 13)
	X			X		23	777 ± 189	2 (−8, 12)
X	X					8.8	781 ± 202	6 (−7, 19)
X					X	12	770 ± 193	7 (−5, 19)
		X		X		19	775 ± 188	8 (−1, 17)
	X	X				7.6	806 ± 217	8 (−4, 21)
		X			X	13	784 ± 196	11 (1, 22)
				X	X	32	765 ± 187	13 (4, 22)
		X	X			5.9	785 ± 208	16 (2, 30)
X		X				7.2	788 ± 207	18 (5, 32)
			X	X		8.1	782 ± 199	19 (6, 31)
			X		X	5.8	790 ± 210	20 (6, 34)
X			X			3.7	795 ± 217	26 (9, 43)
	X		X			4.1	814 ± 234	26 (9, 42)
Three-component IRS groupings
	X	X			X	4.8	800 ± 205	−6 (−21, 9)
X	X			X		8.5	780 ± 196	3 (−10, 16)
	X			X	X	13	789 ± 196	3 (−7, 14)
X				X	X	11	770 ± 192	7 (−5, 19)
	X	X		X		6.5	806 ± 209	8 (−5, 21)
X	X				X	6.4	790 ± 204	10 (−4, 24)
X		X			X	5.2	792 ± 210	13 (−2, 28)
		X		X	X	11	788 ± 197	13 (2, 24)
X		X		X		6.8	787 ± 201	16 (3, 30)
		X	X	X		5.1	791 ± 205	19 (4, 34)
X	X	X				3.3	812 ± 230	22 (4, 39)
	X		X	X		3.5	817 ± 227	23 (6, 40)
		X	X		X	3.7	801 ± 214	24 (8, 41)
X			X	X		3.5	795 ± 220	25 (8, 42)
			X	X	X	5.0	798 ± 213	25 (10, 40)
	X	X	X			2.4	828 ± 245	27 (7, 48)
	X		X		X	2.8	828 ± 242	32 (13, 51)
X			X		X	2.6	811 ± 232	34 (14, 54)
X		X	X			2.4	812 ± 230	36 (16, 56)
X	X		X			2.0	834 ± 249	48 (26, 70)
Four-component IRS groupings
	X	X		X	X	4.3	803 ± 206	−2 (−17, 14)
X	X			X	X	6.1	790 ± 205	10 (−4, 25)
X	X	X			X	2.6	809 ± 223	12 (−8, 32)
X		X		X	X	5.0	793 ± 212	14 (−0.7, 30)
X	X	X		X		3.2	808 ± 218	17 (−0.3, 35)
	X	X	X	X		2.1	829 ± 234	26 (5, 47)
	X	X	X		X	1.7	835 ± 245	29 (5, 52)
		X	X	X	X	3.3	809 ± 220	29 (11, 46)
X			X	X	X	2.4	813 ± 236	34 (14, 55)
	X		X	X	X	2.5	835 ± 244	35 (15, 55)
X		X	X	X		2.3	813 ± 233	36 (15, 56)
X		X	X		X	1.7	827 ± 246	43 (20, 66)
X	X		X	X		1.9	835 ± 252	47 (24, 69)
X	X		X		X	1.5	854 ± 260	63 (38, 88)
X	X	X	X			1.3	857 ± 267	64 (37, 91)
Five-component IRS groupings
X	X	X		X	X	2.5	811 ± 224	14 (−6, 34)
	X	X	X	X	X	1.6	842 ± 248	33 (7, 57)
X		X	X	X	X	1.6	829 ± 250	43 (19, 67)
X	X		X	X	X	1.4	857 ± 263	63 (37, 89)
X	X	X	X	X		1.2	858 ± 268	64 (36, 91)
X	X	X	X		X	1.0	871 ± 277	71 (41, 101)
Six-component IRS groupings
X	X	X	X	X	X	1.1	868 ± 277	71 (40, 102)

Categorical IRS Component									Prevalence (%)	Mean Absolute IMT (μm)	Excess IMT (μm)
Hyperinsulinemia	Hypertension	Low HDL cholesterol	Hypertriglyceridemia	Obesity	Hyperglycemia				Prevalence (%)	Mean Absolute IMT (μm)	Excess IMT (μm)
Individual IRS components
X						18	760 ± 187	6 (−6, 17)
	X					30	777 ± 200	14 (3, 24)
		X				24	770 ± 191	6 (−3, 15)
			X			10	773 ± 200	16 (4, 29)
				X		63	744 ± 175	6 (−5, 16)
					X	42	765 ± 187	13 (4, 22)
Two-component IRS groupings
	X				X	16	785 ± 201	0.5 (−10, 11)
X				X		16	760 ± 183	2 (−10, 13)
	X			X		23	777 ± 189	2 (−8, 12)
X	X					8.8	781 ± 202	6 (−7, 19)
X					X	12	770 ± 193	7 (−5, 19)
		X		X		19	775 ± 188	8 (−1, 17)
	X	X				7.6	806 ± 217	8 (−4, 21)
		X			X	13	784 ± 196	11 (1, 22)
				X	X	32	765 ± 187	13 (4, 22)
		X	X			5.9	785 ± 208	16 (2, 30)
X		X				7.2	788 ± 207	18 (5, 32)
			X	X		8.1	782 ± 199	19 (6, 31)
			X		X	5.8	790 ± 210	20 (6, 34)
X			X			3.7	795 ± 217	26 (9, 43)
	X		X			4.1	814 ± 234	26 (9, 42)
Three-component IRS groupings
	X	X			X	4.8	800 ± 205	−6 (−21, 9)
X	X			X		8.5	780 ± 196	3 (−10, 16)
	X			X	X	13	789 ± 196	3 (−7, 14)
X				X	X	11	770 ± 192	7 (−5, 19)
	X	X		X		6.5	806 ± 209	8 (−5, 21)
X	X				X	6.4	790 ± 204	10 (−4, 24)
X		X			X	5.2	792 ± 210	13 (−2, 28)
		X		X	X	11	788 ± 197	13 (2, 24)
X		X		X		6.8	787 ± 201	16 (3, 30)
		X	X	X		5.1	791 ± 205	19 (4, 34)
X	X	X				3.3	812 ± 230	22 (4, 39)
	X		X	X		3.5	817 ± 227	23 (6, 40)
		X	X		X	3.7	801 ± 214	24 (8, 41)
X			X	X		3.5	795 ± 220	25 (8, 42)
			X	X	X	5.0	798 ± 213	25 (10, 40)
	X	X	X			2.4	828 ± 245	27 (7, 48)
	X		X		X	2.8	828 ± 242	32 (13, 51)
X			X		X	2.6	811 ± 232	34 (14, 54)
X		X	X			2.4	812 ± 230	36 (16, 56)
X	X		X			2.0	834 ± 249	48 (26, 70)
Four-component IRS groupings
	X	X		X	X	4.3	803 ± 206	−2 (−17, 14)
X	X			X	X	6.1	790 ± 205	10 (−4, 25)
X	X	X			X	2.6	809 ± 223	12 (−8, 32)
X		X		X	X	5.0	793 ± 212	14 (−0.7, 30)
X	X	X		X		3.2	808 ± 218	17 (−0.3, 35)
	X	X	X	X		2.1	829 ± 234	26 (5, 47)
	X	X	X		X	1.7	835 ± 245	29 (5, 52)
		X	X	X	X	3.3	809 ± 220	29 (11, 46)
X			X	X	X	2.4	813 ± 236	34 (14, 55)
	X		X	X	X	2.5	835 ± 244	35 (15, 55)
X		X	X	X		2.3	813 ± 233	36 (15, 56)
X		X	X		X	1.7	827 ± 246	43 (20, 66)
X	X		X	X		1.9	835 ± 252	47 (24, 69)
X	X		X		X	1.5	854 ± 260	63 (38, 88)
X	X	X	X			1.3	857 ± 267	64 (37, 91)
Five-component IRS groupings
X	X	X		X	X	2.5	811 ± 224	14 (−6, 34)
	X	X	X	X	X	1.6	842 ± 248	33 (7, 57)
X		X	X	X	X	1.6	829 ± 250	43 (19, 67)
X	X		X	X	X	1.4	857 ± 263	63 (37, 89)
X	X	X	X	X		1.2	858 ± 268	64 (36, 91)
X	X	X	X		X	1.0	871 ± 277	71 (41, 101)
Six-component IRS groupings
X	X	X	X	X	X	1.1	868 ± 277	71 (40, 102)

*Data are means ± SD or β (95% CI) unless indicated otherwise. Adjustment was made for age, sex, race, LDL cholesterol, fasting insulin, fasting glucose, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides (log transformed), BMI (including a quadratic term to model its relationship to IMT), systolic blood pressure, use of antihypertensive medications, and smoking status.

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