Baseline characteristics and the 4-year weight change in participants who developed or did not develop type 2 diabetes during the 4-year follow-up
| . | Type 2 diabetes at 4-year . | No type 2 diabetes at 4-year . | P value . | *P . | †P . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 55 ± 6 (21) | 54 ± 7 (68) | 0.692 | ||
| Weight (kg) | 96.3 ± 18.0 (21) | 84.4 ± 12.9 (68) | 0.003 | 0.002 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 34.1 ± 5.8 (21) | 30.4 ± 3.9 (68) | 0.007 | 0.001 | |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 111.7 ± 12.7 (21) | 101.7 ± 9.1 (68) | 0.001 | <0.001 | 0.099 |
| Weight change (kg)‡ | 0.5 ± 4.3 (21) | −2.8 ± 5.5 (67) | 0.016 | 0.015 | 0.034 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 7.0 ± 0.8 (21) | 6.2 ± 0.7 (68) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.001 |
| 2-h glucose (mmol/l) | 10.2 ± 1.4 (21) | 8.8 ± 1.5 (68) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.001 |
| Fasting insulin (pmol/l) | 111.8 ± 64.2 (19) | 86.7 ± 44.1 (66) | 0.123 | 0.095 | 0.906 |
| 2-h insulin (pmol/l) | 626.8 ± 410.7 (17) | 620.6 ± 409.2 (48) | 0.805 | 0.706 | 0.441 |
| HbA1c (%) | 6.0 ± 1.0 (21) | 5.8 ± 1.0 (65) | 0.288 | 0.353 | 0.277 |
| AIR (mU · l−1 · min−1) | 108 ± 106 (18) | 307 ± 287 (61) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Si (×10−4 · min−1 · μU−1 · ml−1) | 1.54 ± 1.09 (17) | 2.05 ± 1.27 (61) | 0.145 | 0.107 | 0.896 |
| Sg ([min]−1 · 102) | 1.34 ± 0.35 (18) | 1.58 ± 0.52 (61) | 0.048 | 0.113 | 0.272 |
| . | Type 2 diabetes at 4-year . | No type 2 diabetes at 4-year . | P value . | *P . | †P . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 55 ± 6 (21) | 54 ± 7 (68) | 0.692 | ||
| Weight (kg) | 96.3 ± 18.0 (21) | 84.4 ± 12.9 (68) | 0.003 | 0.002 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 34.1 ± 5.8 (21) | 30.4 ± 3.9 (68) | 0.007 | 0.001 | |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 111.7 ± 12.7 (21) | 101.7 ± 9.1 (68) | 0.001 | <0.001 | 0.099 |
| Weight change (kg)‡ | 0.5 ± 4.3 (21) | −2.8 ± 5.5 (67) | 0.016 | 0.015 | 0.034 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 7.0 ± 0.8 (21) | 6.2 ± 0.7 (68) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.001 |
| 2-h glucose (mmol/l) | 10.2 ± 1.4 (21) | 8.8 ± 1.5 (68) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.001 |
| Fasting insulin (pmol/l) | 111.8 ± 64.2 (19) | 86.7 ± 44.1 (66) | 0.123 | 0.095 | 0.906 |
| 2-h insulin (pmol/l) | 626.8 ± 410.7 (17) | 620.6 ± 409.2 (48) | 0.805 | 0.706 | 0.441 |
| HbA1c (%) | 6.0 ± 1.0 (21) | 5.8 ± 1.0 (65) | 0.288 | 0.353 | 0.277 |
| AIR (mU · l−1 · min−1) | 108 ± 106 (18) | 307 ± 287 (61) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Si (×10−4 · min−1 · μU−1 · ml−1) | 1.54 ± 1.09 (17) | 2.05 ± 1.27 (61) | 0.145 | 0.107 | 0.896 |
| Sg ([min]−1 · 102) | 1.34 ± 0.35 (18) | 1.58 ± 0.52 (61) | 0.048 | 0.113 | 0.272 |
Data are mean ± SD (n).
P value after adjustment for age and sex.
P value after adjustment for age, sex, and BMI.
In patients with type 2 diabetes, the baseline weight was subtracted from the weight measured at the visit when type 2 diabetes diagnosis was done. In participants who did not have type 2 diabetes at the 4-year examination, the baseline weight was subtracted from the weight measured at the 4-year visit.