Baseline and 4-year follow-up data and 4-year changes in anthropometric and metabolic values in participants who participated in repeated FSIGT examination
| . | Intervention group . | . | . | . | . | Control group . | . | . | . | . | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Baseline* . | 4-year . | Change . | n . | †P . | Baseline . | 4-year . | Change . | n . | †P . | ||||||||
| Age (years) | 56 ± 7 | 55 ± 7 | ||||||||||||||||
| Weight (kg) | 84.6 ± 13.9 | 79.6 ± 15.8 | −4.9 ± 4.9‡§ | 31 | <0.001 | 84.9 ± 14.2 | 83.5 ± 14.3 | −1.4 ± 5.5 | 21 | <0.001 | ||||||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30.4 ± 3.9 | 28.6 ± 4.4 | −1.8 ± 1.9‡ | 31 | <0.001 | 30.5 ± 4.1 | 30.0 ± 3.9 | −0.5 ± 2.0 | 21 | 0.227 | ||||||||
| Waist circumference (cm) | 102.3 ± 11.0 | 98.1 ± 12.2 | −4.2 ± 5.2§ | 31 | <0.001 | 102.0 ± 8.3 | 99.9 ± 7.8 | −1.8 ± 4.5 | 20 | 0.096 | ||||||||
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 6.2 ± 0.8 | 6.3 ± 0.8 | 0.08 ± 0.73 | 31 | 0.557 | 6.2 ± 0.6 | 6.3 ± 0.7 | 0.10 ± 0.75 | 21 | 0.537 | ||||||||
| 2-h glucose (mmol/l) | 8.8 ± 1.6 | 9.2 ± 2.8 | 0.39 ± 3.09 | 31 | 0.544 | 8.6 ± 1.5 | 8.9 ± 1.5 | 0.23 ± 2.38 | 21 | 0.659 | ||||||||
| Fasting insulin (pmol/l) | 78.0 ± 36.3 | 68.9 ± 38.7 | −15.4 ± 27.0 | 29 | 0.001 | 103.1 ± 57.6 | 77.7 ± 29.3 | −25.7 ± 60.3 | 20 | 0.086 | ||||||||
| 2-h insulin (pmol/l) | 577 ± 405 | 441 ± 290 | −168 ± 417 | 19 | 0.152 | 556 ± 332 | 510 ± 276 | −68 ± 378 | 15 | 0.344 | ||||||||
| HbA1c (%) | 5.9 ± 0.9 | 5.8 ± 0.5 | −0.11 ± 0.99 | 30 | 0.559 | 5.8 ± 0.9 | 5.9 ± 0.5 | 0.14 ± 0.95 | 20 | 0.531 | ||||||||
| AIR (mU · l−1 · min−1) | 272 ± 299 | 244 ± 245 | −27 ± 162 | 31 | 0.281 | 336 ± 284 | 270 ± 210 | −66 ± 107 | 21 | 0.011 | ||||||||
| Si (×10−4 · min−1 · μU−1 · ml−1) | 2.13 ± 1.37 | 2.64 ± 1.44 | 0.34 ± 1.46 | 28 | 0.227 | 1.91 ± 1.12 | 1.94 ± 0.95 | 0.16 ± 0.96 | 20 | 0.474 | ||||||||
| Sg ([min]−1 · 102) | 1.50 ± 0.54 | 1.54 ± 0.50 | 0.05 ± 0.69 | 29 | 0.683 | 1.66 ± 0.46 | 1.34 ± 0.43 | −0.32 ± 0.63 | 20 | 0.036 | ||||||||
| . | Intervention group . | . | . | . | . | Control group . | . | . | . | . | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Baseline* . | 4-year . | Change . | n . | †P . | Baseline . | 4-year . | Change . | n . | †P . | ||||||||
| Age (years) | 56 ± 7 | 55 ± 7 | ||||||||||||||||
| Weight (kg) | 84.6 ± 13.9 | 79.6 ± 15.8 | −4.9 ± 4.9‡§ | 31 | <0.001 | 84.9 ± 14.2 | 83.5 ± 14.3 | −1.4 ± 5.5 | 21 | <0.001 | ||||||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30.4 ± 3.9 | 28.6 ± 4.4 | −1.8 ± 1.9‡ | 31 | <0.001 | 30.5 ± 4.1 | 30.0 ± 3.9 | −0.5 ± 2.0 | 21 | 0.227 | ||||||||
| Waist circumference (cm) | 102.3 ± 11.0 | 98.1 ± 12.2 | −4.2 ± 5.2§ | 31 | <0.001 | 102.0 ± 8.3 | 99.9 ± 7.8 | −1.8 ± 4.5 | 20 | 0.096 | ||||||||
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 6.2 ± 0.8 | 6.3 ± 0.8 | 0.08 ± 0.73 | 31 | 0.557 | 6.2 ± 0.6 | 6.3 ± 0.7 | 0.10 ± 0.75 | 21 | 0.537 | ||||||||
| 2-h glucose (mmol/l) | 8.8 ± 1.6 | 9.2 ± 2.8 | 0.39 ± 3.09 | 31 | 0.544 | 8.6 ± 1.5 | 8.9 ± 1.5 | 0.23 ± 2.38 | 21 | 0.659 | ||||||||
| Fasting insulin (pmol/l) | 78.0 ± 36.3 | 68.9 ± 38.7 | −15.4 ± 27.0 | 29 | 0.001 | 103.1 ± 57.6 | 77.7 ± 29.3 | −25.7 ± 60.3 | 20 | 0.086 | ||||||||
| 2-h insulin (pmol/l) | 577 ± 405 | 441 ± 290 | −168 ± 417 | 19 | 0.152 | 556 ± 332 | 510 ± 276 | −68 ± 378 | 15 | 0.344 | ||||||||
| HbA1c (%) | 5.9 ± 0.9 | 5.8 ± 0.5 | −0.11 ± 0.99 | 30 | 0.559 | 5.8 ± 0.9 | 5.9 ± 0.5 | 0.14 ± 0.95 | 20 | 0.531 | ||||||||
| AIR (mU · l−1 · min−1) | 272 ± 299 | 244 ± 245 | −27 ± 162 | 31 | 0.281 | 336 ± 284 | 270 ± 210 | −66 ± 107 | 21 | 0.011 | ||||||||
| Si (×10−4 · min−1 · μU−1 · ml−1) | 2.13 ± 1.37 | 2.64 ± 1.44 | 0.34 ± 1.46 | 28 | 0.227 | 1.91 ± 1.12 | 1.94 ± 0.95 | 0.16 ± 0.96 | 20 | 0.474 | ||||||||
| Sg ([min]−1 · 102) | 1.50 ± 0.54 | 1.54 ± 0.50 | 0.05 ± 0.69 | 29 | 0.683 | 1.66 ± 0.46 | 1.34 ± 0.43 | −0.32 ± 0.63 | 20 | 0.036 | ||||||||
Data are mean ± SD.
There were no significant differences in any of the baseline variables between the intervention and control groups.
P value within the study group change.
P < 0.05 between the study groups.
P = 0.043 for the change in weight and P = 0.025 for the change in waist circumference, adjusted for age and sex, between the study groups when all participants with follow-up data are included (n = 39 for intervention and n = 29 for control group).