Clinical characteristics of the 159 type 1 diabetic patients in the study
| . | Normo . | NewMicro . | Micro . | Macro . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (M/F) | 40 (21/19) | 39 (23/16) | 41 (23/18) | 39 (23/16) |
| Age (years) | 42.1 ± 1.7 | 32.1 ± 1.9 | 30.8 ± 1.2 | 36.9 ± 1.5 |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | 28.5 ± 1.5 | 19.9 ± 1.8 | 19.0 ± 0.7 | 23.8 ± 1.1 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.7 ± 0.5 | 24.5 ± 0.5 | 25.9 ± 0.4 | 25.5 ± 0.7 |
| Waist-to-hip ratio | 0.859 ± 0.014 | 0.859 ± 0.013 | 0.874 ± 0.011 | 0.887 ± 0.016 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 131 ± 2 | 134 ± 3 | 133 ± 3 | 142 ± 3 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 78 ± 1 | 79 ± 1 | 83 ± 2 | 86 ± 1 |
| ACE inhibitor/AT2 blocker (%) | 5 | 10 | 63 | 77 |
| Non-RAS drug (%) | 0 | 5 | 2 | 18 |
| Coronary heart disease (%) | 5 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
| Current smoking (%) | 21 | 31 | 40 | 36 |
| HbA1c (%) | 8.4 ± 0.2 | 9.3 ± 0.3 | 9.2 ± 0.2 | 8.9 ± 0.3 |
| Serum total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 4.83 ± 0.12 | 4.71 ± 0.16 | 4.93 ± 0.13 | 5.50 ± 0.15 |
| Serum HDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 1.61 ± 0.06 | 1.56 ± 0.08 | 1.56 ± 0.08 | 1.38 ± 0.08 |
| Serum triglycerides (mmol/l) | 1.13 ± 0.07 | 1.23 ± 0.14 | 1.10 ± 0.09 | 1.60 ± 0.12 |
| Serum creatinine (μmol/l) | 84 (68–114) | 84 (47–120) | 85 (55–132) | 110 (66–600) |
| AER (mg/24 h) | 8 (2–24) | 42 (30–255) | 70 (30–380)* | 740 (70–6,069)† |
| . | Normo . | NewMicro . | Micro . | Macro . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (M/F) | 40 (21/19) | 39 (23/16) | 41 (23/18) | 39 (23/16) |
| Age (years) | 42.1 ± 1.7 | 32.1 ± 1.9 | 30.8 ± 1.2 | 36.9 ± 1.5 |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | 28.5 ± 1.5 | 19.9 ± 1.8 | 19.0 ± 0.7 | 23.8 ± 1.1 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.7 ± 0.5 | 24.5 ± 0.5 | 25.9 ± 0.4 | 25.5 ± 0.7 |
| Waist-to-hip ratio | 0.859 ± 0.014 | 0.859 ± 0.013 | 0.874 ± 0.011 | 0.887 ± 0.016 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 131 ± 2 | 134 ± 3 | 133 ± 3 | 142 ± 3 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 78 ± 1 | 79 ± 1 | 83 ± 2 | 86 ± 1 |
| ACE inhibitor/AT2 blocker (%) | 5 | 10 | 63 | 77 |
| Non-RAS drug (%) | 0 | 5 | 2 | 18 |
| Coronary heart disease (%) | 5 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
| Current smoking (%) | 21 | 31 | 40 | 36 |
| HbA1c (%) | 8.4 ± 0.2 | 9.3 ± 0.3 | 9.2 ± 0.2 | 8.9 ± 0.3 |
| Serum total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 4.83 ± 0.12 | 4.71 ± 0.16 | 4.93 ± 0.13 | 5.50 ± 0.15 |
| Serum HDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 1.61 ± 0.06 | 1.56 ± 0.08 | 1.56 ± 0.08 | 1.38 ± 0.08 |
| Serum triglycerides (mmol/l) | 1.13 ± 0.07 | 1.23 ± 0.14 | 1.10 ± 0.09 | 1.60 ± 0.12 |
| Serum creatinine (μmol/l) | 84 (68–114) | 84 (47–120) | 85 (55–132) | 110 (66–600) |
| AER (mg/24 h) | 8 (2–24) | 42 (30–255) | 70 (30–380)* | 740 (70–6,069)† |
Data are means ± SE, median (range), or n (%).
One previously microalbuminuric patient had AER over the range of microalbuminuria at the time of investigation (380 mg/24 h).
Some patients with previously abnormal AER had responded to antihypertensive treatment and showed a regression of AER at the time of investigation.