Risk estimates of individuals according to circulating cytokine levels
| . | Median . | Age- and sex-adjusted analysis . | +BMI-adjusted analysis . | Adjusted for all risk factors* . | Adjusted for all risk factors and HbA1c . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL-1β | |||||
| Category 1 | 0.09 (0.09–0.09)† | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Category 2 | 0.84 (0.13–5.52)† | 1.20 (0.84–1.72) | 1.18 (0.79–1.75) | 1.19 (0.78–1.79) | 1.20 (0.74–1.96) |
| CRP | |||||
| Category 1 | 0.62 (0.09–1.49)† | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Category 2 | 3.57 (1.50–39.7)† | 3.5 (2.4–5.1) | 2.2 (1.5–3.3) | 1.9 (1.2–2.9) | 1.9 (1.2–3.2) |
| IL-6 | |||||
| Category 1 | 0.66 (0.11–0.90)‡ | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Category 2 | 1.19 (0.90–1.45)‡ | 1.77 (0.97–3.29) | 1.36 (0.72–2.6) | 1.22 (0.64–2.38) | 1.14 (0.54–2.45) |
| Category 3 | 1.80 (1.45–2.24)‡ | 3.88 (2.21–7.03) | 2.17 (1.18–4.07) | 1.92 (1.02–3.67) | 1.72 (0.83–3.60) |
| Category 4 | 3.30 (2.24–10.8)‡ | 7.34 (4.18–13.32) | 3.26 (1.76–6.19) | 2.75 (1.44–5.34) | 2.57 (1.24–5.47) |
| TNF-α | |||||
| Category 1 | 0.79 (0.35–1.11)‡ | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Category 2 | 1.34 (1.11–1.56)‡ | 1.85 (1.11–3.11) | 1.66 (0.94–2.95) | 1.62 (0.90–2.94) | 1.39 (0.95–3.85) |
| Category 3 | 1.82 (1.56–2.26)‡ | 1.40 (0.83–2.39) | 1.05 (0.58–1.89) | 1.04 (0.57–1.92) | 1.06 (0.51–2.21) |
| Category 4 | 2.94 (2.26–15.15)‡ | 2.30 (1.37–3.90) | 1.70 (0.96–3.04) | 1.52 (0.84–2.78) | 1.57 (0.78–3.18) |
| . | Median . | Age- and sex-adjusted analysis . | +BMI-adjusted analysis . | Adjusted for all risk factors* . | Adjusted for all risk factors and HbA1c . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL-1β | |||||
| Category 1 | 0.09 (0.09–0.09)† | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Category 2 | 0.84 (0.13–5.52)† | 1.20 (0.84–1.72) | 1.18 (0.79–1.75) | 1.19 (0.78–1.79) | 1.20 (0.74–1.96) |
| CRP | |||||
| Category 1 | 0.62 (0.09–1.49)† | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Category 2 | 3.57 (1.50–39.7)† | 3.5 (2.4–5.1) | 2.2 (1.5–3.3) | 1.9 (1.2–2.9) | 1.9 (1.2–3.2) |
| IL-6 | |||||
| Category 1 | 0.66 (0.11–0.90)‡ | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Category 2 | 1.19 (0.90–1.45)‡ | 1.77 (0.97–3.29) | 1.36 (0.72–2.6) | 1.22 (0.64–2.38) | 1.14 (0.54–2.45) |
| Category 3 | 1.80 (1.45–2.24)‡ | 3.88 (2.21–7.03) | 2.17 (1.18–4.07) | 1.92 (1.02–3.67) | 1.72 (0.83–3.60) |
| Category 4 | 3.30 (2.24–10.8)‡ | 7.34 (4.18–13.32) | 3.26 (1.76–6.19) | 2.75 (1.44–5.34) | 2.57 (1.24–5.47) |
| TNF-α | |||||
| Category 1 | 0.79 (0.35–1.11)‡ | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Category 2 | 1.34 (1.11–1.56)‡ | 1.85 (1.11–3.11) | 1.66 (0.94–2.95) | 1.62 (0.90–2.94) | 1.39 (0.95–3.85) |
| Category 3 | 1.82 (1.56–2.26)‡ | 1.40 (0.83–2.39) | 1.05 (0.58–1.89) | 1.04 (0.57–1.92) | 1.06 (0.51–2.21) |
| Category 4 | 2.94 (2.26–15.15)‡ | 2.30 (1.37–3.90) | 1.70 (0.96–3.04) | 1.52 (0.84–2.78) | 1.57 (0.78–3.18) |
Data are OR (95% CI), unless otherwise indicated.
Median (category limits),
Median (interquartile range). Individuals were divided into quartiles according to their baseline plasma concentrations of IL-6 or TNF-α. They were dichotomized according to their levels of IL-1β and CRP;
adjusted for age, sex, BMI, WHR, sporting activities, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and educational attainment.