Application of the general linear regression model to the five cohorts of obese children
| Factors . | . | Obgen obese children (n = 358) . | . | Saint Vincent obese children (n = 397) . | . | Lille obese children (n = 350) . | . | Napoli obese children (n = 607) . | . | Ile-de-France obese children (n = 164) . | . | Pooled five cohorts (n = 1,876) . | . | . | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | . | Regression coefficients* . | P value . | Regression coefficients* . | P value . | Regression coefficients* . | P value . | Regression coefficients* . | P value . | Regression coefficients* . | P value . | Regression coefficients* . | P value† . | P value‡ . | |||||||
| BMI | 0.07 ± 0.03 | 5 × 10−4 | 0.13 ± 0.04 | 2 × 10−4 | 0.17 ± 0.06 | 5 × 10−3 | 0.17 ± 0.05 | 8 × 10−4 | 0.09 ± 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.10 ± 0.03 | 1.2 × 10−14 | 8 × 10−14 | ||||||||
| p110β | T/T | 2.15 ± 0.38 | 3.3 × 104 | 2.55 ± 0.35 | 1.7 × 10−12 | 1.30 ± 0.48 | 7 × 103 | 1.54 ± 0.35 | 1 × 10−5 | 1.46 ± 0.38 | 2 × 10−4 | 2.03 ± 0.16 | 3.2 × 10−15 | 0.0000 | |||||||
| C/T | 0.79 ± 0.30 | 9 × 10−4 | 1.47 ± 0.33 | 1.0 × 10−5 | 0.38 ± 0.44 | 0.15 | 0.70 ± 0.30 | 2 × 10−3 | 1.13 ± 0.35 | 1.5 × 10−3 | 1.12 ± 0.14 | 3.7 × 10−8 | 0.0000 | ||||||||
| C/C | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||
| p110β × BMI | T/T | 0.29 ± 0.05 | 6 × 109 | 0.38 ± 0.05 | 1.9 × 10−12 | 0.19 ± 0.08 | 0.01 | 0.25 ± 0.07 | 6 × 10−1 | 0.14 ± 0.07 | 0.048 | 0.30 ± 0.30 | 2.1 × 10−8 | 0.0000 | |||||||
| C/T | 0.14 ± 0.04 | 8 × 104 | 0.17 ± 0.04 | 2 × 10−4 | 0.10 ± 0.07 | 0.2 | 0.07 ± 0.06 | 0.2 | 0.12 ± 0.06 | 0.035 | 0.17 ± 0.02 | 2 × 10−6 | 0.0000 | ||||||||
| C/C | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||
| Factors . | . | Obgen obese children (n = 358) . | . | Saint Vincent obese children (n = 397) . | . | Lille obese children (n = 350) . | . | Napoli obese children (n = 607) . | . | Ile-de-France obese children (n = 164) . | . | Pooled five cohorts (n = 1,876) . | . | . | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | . | Regression coefficients* . | P value . | Regression coefficients* . | P value . | Regression coefficients* . | P value . | Regression coefficients* . | P value . | Regression coefficients* . | P value . | Regression coefficients* . | P value† . | P value‡ . | |||||||
| BMI | 0.07 ± 0.03 | 5 × 10−4 | 0.13 ± 0.04 | 2 × 10−4 | 0.17 ± 0.06 | 5 × 10−3 | 0.17 ± 0.05 | 8 × 10−4 | 0.09 ± 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.10 ± 0.03 | 1.2 × 10−14 | 8 × 10−14 | ||||||||
| p110β | T/T | 2.15 ± 0.38 | 3.3 × 104 | 2.55 ± 0.35 | 1.7 × 10−12 | 1.30 ± 0.48 | 7 × 103 | 1.54 ± 0.35 | 1 × 10−5 | 1.46 ± 0.38 | 2 × 10−4 | 2.03 ± 0.16 | 3.2 × 10−15 | 0.0000 | |||||||
| C/T | 0.79 ± 0.30 | 9 × 10−4 | 1.47 ± 0.33 | 1.0 × 10−5 | 0.38 ± 0.44 | 0.15 | 0.70 ± 0.30 | 2 × 10−3 | 1.13 ± 0.35 | 1.5 × 10−3 | 1.12 ± 0.14 | 3.7 × 10−8 | 0.0000 | ||||||||
| C/C | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||
| p110β × BMI | T/T | 0.29 ± 0.05 | 6 × 109 | 0.38 ± 0.05 | 1.9 × 10−12 | 0.19 ± 0.08 | 0.01 | 0.25 ± 0.07 | 6 × 10−1 | 0.14 ± 0.07 | 0.048 | 0.30 ± 0.30 | 2.1 × 10−8 | 0.0000 | |||||||
| C/T | 0.14 ± 0.04 | 8 × 104 | 0.17 ± 0.04 | 2 × 10−4 | 0.10 ± 0.07 | 0.2 | 0.07 ± 0.06 | 0.2 | 0.12 ± 0.06 | 0.035 | 0.17 ± 0.02 | 2 × 10−6 | 0.0000 | ||||||||
| C/C | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||
Data are means±SE. Estimates of regression coefficients were calculated for a BMI of 35 kg/m2. This modeling shows the expected influence of BMI and the consistent influence of the −359 genotype on insulin resistance. It also shows a significant modification of the HOMA-BMI relationship by the −359 genotype.
Estimate of regression coefficient, mean±SE.
Overall significance for the pooled 5 obese cohorts.
Using a mixed-effects model was used to account for potential center effects when pooling the 5 cohorts together. The value of P < 0.0000 is the lowest possible generated by the use of the latter model.