Unadjusted and stepwise-adjusted associations between cfPWV and measures of bone/mineral metabolism
. | Unadjusted . | Adjusted for age, sex, and mean arterial pressure . | Adjusted for age, sex, mean arterial pressure, and other risk factors . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β . | P . | β . | P . | β . | P . | |
| Bone mineral density | ||||||
| Femoral neck bone mineral density | −0.23 | <0.001 | −0.15 | 0.027 | −0.06 | 0.43 |
| Clinical bone markers | ||||||
| PTH* | 0.23 | <0.001 | 0.28 | <0.001 | 0.17 | 0.014 |
| 25-Hydroxyvitamin D | 0.12 | 0.041 | −0.12 | 0.09 | −0.10 | 0.17 |
| Ionized calcium | −0.01 | 0.08 | −0.06 | 0.37 | −0.02 | 0.77 |
| Phosphorus | 0.07 | 0.19 | 0.11 | 0.13 | 0.001 | 0.98 |
| Markers of bone mineral metabolism | ||||||
| Endostatin* | 0.16 | 0.003 | 0.12 | 0.09 | 0.05 | 0.49 |
| Sclerostin* | 0.14 | 0.011 | 0.16 | 0.022 | 0.01 | 0.85 |
| Dickkopf 1* | 0.007 | 0.90 | 0.06 | 0.43 | 0.12 | 0.15 |
| Osteoprotegerin* | 0.36 | <0.001 | 0.13 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.77 |
. | Unadjusted . | Adjusted for age, sex, and mean arterial pressure . | Adjusted for age, sex, mean arterial pressure, and other risk factors . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β . | P . | β . | P . | β . | P . | |
| Bone mineral density | ||||||
| Femoral neck bone mineral density | −0.23 | <0.001 | −0.15 | 0.027 | −0.06 | 0.43 |
| Clinical bone markers | ||||||
| PTH* | 0.23 | <0.001 | 0.28 | <0.001 | 0.17 | 0.014 |
| 25-Hydroxyvitamin D | 0.12 | 0.041 | −0.12 | 0.09 | −0.10 | 0.17 |
| Ionized calcium | −0.01 | 0.08 | −0.06 | 0.37 | −0.02 | 0.77 |
| Phosphorus | 0.07 | 0.19 | 0.11 | 0.13 | 0.001 | 0.98 |
| Markers of bone mineral metabolism | ||||||
| Endostatin* | 0.16 | 0.003 | 0.12 | 0.09 | 0.05 | 0.49 |
| Sclerostin* | 0.14 | 0.011 | 0.16 | 0.022 | 0.01 | 0.85 |
| Dickkopf 1* | 0.007 | 0.90 | 0.06 | 0.43 | 0.12 | 0.15 |
| Osteoprotegerin* | 0.36 | <0.001 | 0.13 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.77 |
Other risk factors included HbA1c, total cholesterol, BMI, antihypertensive treatment, urinary albumin excretion rate, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and smoking. cfPWV was measured with the SphygmoCor (AtCor Medical, Sydney, Australia). Plasma vitamin D [25(OH)D3] levels were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Plasma PTH levels were analyzed using a second-generation electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (Cobas e601, Roche Diagnostics). Serum endostatin, sclerostin, Dickkopf 1, and osteoprotegerin were measured by sandwich ELISA (Biomedica Medizinprodukte, Austria).
*Log2 transformed for analyses. The β estimates represent standardized effect.