Descriptive statistics for dependent and independent variables
| . | Physician organizations . |
|---|---|
| n | 987 |
| Dependent variable | |
| Diabetes care management index (range 0–4) | 1.7 ± 1.4 |
| Independent variables | |
| External incentives for quality | |
| Reporting of quality data to outside organizations (range 0–4) | 0.83 ± 1.4* |
| Receiving income for quality (%) | 42 |
| Receiving public recognition for quality (%) | 27 |
| Receiving better contracts for quality (%) | 24 |
| Clinical IT index (range 0–6) | 1.3 ± 1.7 |
| Relationship with HMOs | |
| Percentage of revenue from capitation | 34 ± 40 |
| Percentage of HMO and point-of-service patients for whom hospital utilization management is delegated to the group | 34 ± 44 |
| Ownership | |
| Owned by HMO or hospital systems (%) | 39 |
| Owned by physicians (%) | 48 |
| Owned by nonphysician managers and others (%) | 13 |
| Control variables | |
| Percentage of physician organizations that are medical groups (%) | 65 |
| Percentage of physician organizations that are IPAs (%) | 35 |
| Specialty type | |
| Primary care only (%) | 12 |
| Specialty care only (%) | 4 |
| Multispecialty (%) | 84 |
| Number of MDs in the physician organization | 236 ± 419 |
| Age of physician organization (years) | 26 ± 22 |
| Percentage of HMO penetration at the county level | 33 ± 17 |
| . | Physician organizations . |
|---|---|
| n | 987 |
| Dependent variable | |
| Diabetes care management index (range 0–4) | 1.7 ± 1.4 |
| Independent variables | |
| External incentives for quality | |
| Reporting of quality data to outside organizations (range 0–4) | 0.83 ± 1.4* |
| Receiving income for quality (%) | 42 |
| Receiving public recognition for quality (%) | 27 |
| Receiving better contracts for quality (%) | 24 |
| Clinical IT index (range 0–6) | 1.3 ± 1.7 |
| Relationship with HMOs | |
| Percentage of revenue from capitation | 34 ± 40 |
| Percentage of HMO and point-of-service patients for whom hospital utilization management is delegated to the group | 34 ± 44 |
| Ownership | |
| Owned by HMO or hospital systems (%) | 39 |
| Owned by physicians (%) | 48 |
| Owned by nonphysician managers and others (%) | 13 |
| Control variables | |
| Percentage of physician organizations that are medical groups (%) | 65 |
| Percentage of physician organizations that are IPAs (%) | 35 |
| Specialty type | |
| Primary care only (%) | 12 |
| Specialty care only (%) | 4 |
| Multispecialty (%) | 84 |
| Number of MDs in the physician organization | 236 ± 419 |
| Age of physician organization (years) | 26 ± 22 |
| Percentage of HMO penetration at the county level | 33 ± 17 |
Data are n or means ±SD.
Whether physician organizations are required to report HEDIS data, outcomes data, results of quality projects, or patient satisfaction data to an outside organization.