American Diabetes Association

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Table 1—

Descriptive characteristics of participants

	Men	Women
n	378	490
Age (years)	54.0 ± 11.1	53.3 ± 10.4
Height (cm)	175.1 ± 6.4	162.2 ± 6.3^‡
Weight (kg)	82.2 ± 12.3	68.8 ± 13.2^‡
Fat mass (kg)	20.1 ± 7.0	25.9 ± 9.1^‡
FFM (kg)	62.1 ± 7.5	42.9 ± 6.0^‡
Vo_2max.pred (l O₂/min)	2.7 ± 0.7	1.8 ± 0.7^‡
Total energy expenditure (MJ/d)	14.3 ± 3.0	10.3 ± 2.1^‡
Resting energy expenditure (MJ/d)	9.6 ± 1.8	7.3 ± 1.3^‡
Physical activity energy expenditure (MJ/d)	4.7 ± 2.6	3.0 ± 1.8^‡
BMI (kg/m²)	26.8 ± 3.6	26.1 ± 4.8^*
Waist-to-hip ratio	0.95 ± 0.07	0.79 ± 0.07^†
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	129 ± 15	122 ± 15^†
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	79.1 ± 10.6	76.4 ± 9.4^†
Triglycerides (mmol/l)	1.44 ± 0.63	1.23 ± 0.64^†
HDL cholesterol (mmol/l)	1.33 ± 0.36	1.64 ± 0.41^†
Fasting insulin (pmol/l)	42.52 (42.46–42.59)	37.78 (37.73–37.83)
2-h glucose (mmol/l)	5.42 (5.39–5.45)	5.39 (5.35–5.40)

	Men	Women
n	378	490
Age (years)	54.0 ± 11.1	53.3 ± 10.4
Height (cm)	175.1 ± 6.4	162.2 ± 6.3^‡
Weight (kg)	82.2 ± 12.3	68.8 ± 13.2^‡
Fat mass (kg)	20.1 ± 7.0	25.9 ± 9.1^‡
FFM (kg)	62.1 ± 7.5	42.9 ± 6.0^‡
Vo_2max.pred (l O₂/min)	2.7 ± 0.7	1.8 ± 0.7^‡
Total energy expenditure (MJ/d)	14.3 ± 3.0	10.3 ± 2.1^‡
Resting energy expenditure (MJ/d)	9.6 ± 1.8	7.3 ± 1.3^‡
Physical activity energy expenditure (MJ/d)	4.7 ± 2.6	3.0 ± 1.8^‡
BMI (kg/m²)	26.8 ± 3.6	26.1 ± 4.8^*
Waist-to-hip ratio	0.95 ± 0.07	0.79 ± 0.07^†
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	129 ± 15	122 ± 15^†
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	79.1 ± 10.6	76.4 ± 9.4^†
Triglycerides (mmol/l)	1.44 ± 0.63	1.23 ± 0.64^†
HDL cholesterol (mmol/l)	1.33 ± 0.36	1.64 ± 0.41^†
Fasting insulin (pmol/l)	42.52 (42.46–42.59)	37.78 (37.73–37.83)
2-h glucose (mmol/l)	5.42 (5.39–5.45)	5.39 (5.35–5.40)

Data are means ± SD or geometric means (95% CI). One-way ANOVA for differences between sexes:

*

P < 0.05;

†

P < 0.001;

‡

P < 0.0001.