Univariate analyses comparing clinical features at baseline according to both lipoprotein(a) concentration and cardiovascular mortality
| . | Lipoprotein(a) ≥20 . | Lipoprotein(a) <20 . | P . | Group A . | Group B . | P . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 26 | 74 | 23 | 77 | ||
| Age (years) | 59.1 ± 11 | 61.3 ± 10 | 0.36 | 65.3 ± 9 | 59.4 ± 10 | 0.02 |
| Sex (M/F) | 12/14 | 27/47 | 0.04 | 9/14 | 30/4 | 0.81 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.1 ± 3.4 | 29 ± 5.3 | 0.08 | 29 ± 4 | 28.5 ± 5 | 0.66 |
| Smoking habit | 3 (11.5) | 9 (12.1) | 0.62 | 4/19 | 8/69 | 0.55 |
| Hypertension | 10 (38.4) | 31 (41.9) | 0.47 | 14/9 | 27/50 | 0.04 |
| Dyslipemia | 14 (53.8) | 34 (45.9) | 0.32 | 13/10 | 35/41 | 0.34 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 253 ± 60 | 225 ± 46 | 0.02 | 244 ± 63 | 229 ± 48 | 0.28 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 52 ± 10 | 52 ± 14 | 0.83 | 50 ± 14 | 52 ± 13 | 0.63 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 162 ± 38 | 138 ± 46 | 0.21 | 151 ± 34 | 148 ± 55 | 0.86 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 149 (62–718) | 148 (56–1,826) | 0.82 | 146 (62–616) | 148 (56–1,826) | 0.53 |
| Apoprotein A1 (mg/dl) | 169 ± 32 | 159 ± 30 | 0.16 | 160 ± 36 | 162 ± 30 | 0.77 |
| Apoprotein B (mg/dl) | 155 ± 39 | 138 ± 46 | 0.11 | 149 ± 44 | 140 ± 45 | 0.46 |
| Lipoprotein(a) (mg/dl) | 27 (20–85) | 5.5 (0.5–19.5) | — | 15.5 (0.5–75) | 6 (0.5–85) | 0.03 |
| Diabetes duration (years) | 10.5 ± 8.5 | 10.3 ± 7.9 | 0.90 | 11.1 ± 9.2 | 10.2 ± 7.7 | 0.64 |
| HbA1c (%) | 7.9 ± 2 | 8.1 ± 1.7 | 0.65 | 8.6 ± 1.7 | 7.8 ± 1.7 | 0.07 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 1.04 ± 0.3 | 1.01 ± 0.2 | 0.59 | 1 ± 0.3 | 1 ± 0.19 | 0.48 |
| Albumin excretion rate (μg/min) | 5.1 (1–500) | 6.4 (0.5–550) | 0.14 | 9.4 (1–90) | 5.1 (0.5–550) | 0.41 |
| Retinopathy | 11 (42.3) | 29 (39.2) | 0.47 | 13 (57) | 27 (35) | 0.10 |
| Nephropathy | 11 (42.3) | 20 (27) | 0.11 | 12 (52) | 19 (25) | 0.02 |
| Neuropathy | 8 (30.7) | 19 (25.7) | 0.39 | 11 (48) | 16 (21) | 0.02 |
| Macroangiopathy | 14 (53.8) | 22 (29.7) | 0.02 | 14 (61) | 22 (29) | 0.005 |
| CHD | 7 (27) | 15 (20) | 13 (57) | 9 (12) | ||
| Stroke | 6 (23.1) | 4 (5) | 5 (22) | 6 (8) | ||
| Peripheral arterial disease | 5 (19) | 9 (12) | 8 (35) | 8 (10) |
| . | Lipoprotein(a) ≥20 . | Lipoprotein(a) <20 . | P . | Group A . | Group B . | P . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 26 | 74 | 23 | 77 | ||
| Age (years) | 59.1 ± 11 | 61.3 ± 10 | 0.36 | 65.3 ± 9 | 59.4 ± 10 | 0.02 |
| Sex (M/F) | 12/14 | 27/47 | 0.04 | 9/14 | 30/4 | 0.81 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.1 ± 3.4 | 29 ± 5.3 | 0.08 | 29 ± 4 | 28.5 ± 5 | 0.66 |
| Smoking habit | 3 (11.5) | 9 (12.1) | 0.62 | 4/19 | 8/69 | 0.55 |
| Hypertension | 10 (38.4) | 31 (41.9) | 0.47 | 14/9 | 27/50 | 0.04 |
| Dyslipemia | 14 (53.8) | 34 (45.9) | 0.32 | 13/10 | 35/41 | 0.34 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 253 ± 60 | 225 ± 46 | 0.02 | 244 ± 63 | 229 ± 48 | 0.28 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 52 ± 10 | 52 ± 14 | 0.83 | 50 ± 14 | 52 ± 13 | 0.63 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 162 ± 38 | 138 ± 46 | 0.21 | 151 ± 34 | 148 ± 55 | 0.86 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 149 (62–718) | 148 (56–1,826) | 0.82 | 146 (62–616) | 148 (56–1,826) | 0.53 |
| Apoprotein A1 (mg/dl) | 169 ± 32 | 159 ± 30 | 0.16 | 160 ± 36 | 162 ± 30 | 0.77 |
| Apoprotein B (mg/dl) | 155 ± 39 | 138 ± 46 | 0.11 | 149 ± 44 | 140 ± 45 | 0.46 |
| Lipoprotein(a) (mg/dl) | 27 (20–85) | 5.5 (0.5–19.5) | — | 15.5 (0.5–75) | 6 (0.5–85) | 0.03 |
| Diabetes duration (years) | 10.5 ± 8.5 | 10.3 ± 7.9 | 0.90 | 11.1 ± 9.2 | 10.2 ± 7.7 | 0.64 |
| HbA1c (%) | 7.9 ± 2 | 8.1 ± 1.7 | 0.65 | 8.6 ± 1.7 | 7.8 ± 1.7 | 0.07 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 1.04 ± 0.3 | 1.01 ± 0.2 | 0.59 | 1 ± 0.3 | 1 ± 0.19 | 0.48 |
| Albumin excretion rate (μg/min) | 5.1 (1–500) | 6.4 (0.5–550) | 0.14 | 9.4 (1–90) | 5.1 (0.5–550) | 0.41 |
| Retinopathy | 11 (42.3) | 29 (39.2) | 0.47 | 13 (57) | 27 (35) | 0.10 |
| Nephropathy | 11 (42.3) | 20 (27) | 0.11 | 12 (52) | 19 (25) | 0.02 |
| Neuropathy | 8 (30.7) | 19 (25.7) | 0.39 | 11 (48) | 16 (21) | 0.02 |
| Macroangiopathy | 14 (53.8) | 22 (29.7) | 0.02 | 14 (61) | 22 (29) | 0.005 |
| CHD | 7 (27) | 15 (20) | 13 (57) | 9 (12) | ||
| Stroke | 6 (23.1) | 4 (5) | 5 (22) | 6 (8) | ||
| Peripheral arterial disease | 5 (19) | 9 (12) | 8 (35) | 8 (10) |
Data are means ± SD, median (range), or n (%). Group A: patients deceased due to CVD. Group B: patients alive or deceased due to non-CVD causes.