Clinical and laboratory characteristics of the study population
| . | Control subjects . | Subjects with abnormal GLT* and no GDM . | Subjects with GDM† . |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 73 | 37 | 35 |
| Baseline characteristics | |||
| Age (years) | 31.4 ± 5.7 | 32.9 ± 4.4 | 33.6 ± 5.1 |
| Gestational age at fasting serum sampling (weeks) | 17.3 ± 1.3 | 17.2 ± 1.2 | 17.3 ± 1.3 |
| Nulliparous (%) | 47 | 59 | 43 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26 ± 5 | 26 ± 4 | 29 ± 6‡ |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 111 ± 12 | 113 ± 11 | 115 ± 10 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 69 ± 8 | 70 ± 9‡ | 73 ± 8‡ |
| Race (%) | |||
| Non-Hispanic white | 79 | 57 | 69 |
| Hispanic | 15 | 16 | 14 |
| African American | 1 | 8 | 9 |
| Asian | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Other/Unknown | 1 | 16 | 6 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 4.4 ± 0.4 | 4.6 ± 0.4‡ | 4.8 ± 0.6‡ |
| Fasting insulin (μU/ml) | 10.1 ± 5.9 | 11.5 ± 6.3 | 15.8 ± 9.6‡ |
| HOMA§ | 2.0 ± 1.3 | 2.4 ± 1.7‡ | 3.5 ± 2.5‡ |
| GLT glucose (mmol/l) | 5.9 ± 0.9 | 8.6 ± 0.7‡ | 9.3 ± 0.1‡ |
| Gestational age at GLT testing (weeks) | 27.8 ± 1.0 | 28.3 ± 1.0‡ | 27.4 ± 2.2 |
| Delivery characteristics | |||
| Gestational age at delivery (weeks) | 39.2 ± 1.2 | 39.3 ± 1.5 | 38.9 ± 1.3 |
| Birth weight (g) | 3,494 ± 456 | 3,456 ± 444 | 3,518 ± 528 |
| . | Control subjects . | Subjects with abnormal GLT* and no GDM . | Subjects with GDM† . |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 73 | 37 | 35 |
| Baseline characteristics | |||
| Age (years) | 31.4 ± 5.7 | 32.9 ± 4.4 | 33.6 ± 5.1 |
| Gestational age at fasting serum sampling (weeks) | 17.3 ± 1.3 | 17.2 ± 1.2 | 17.3 ± 1.3 |
| Nulliparous (%) | 47 | 59 | 43 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26 ± 5 | 26 ± 4 | 29 ± 6‡ |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 111 ± 12 | 113 ± 11 | 115 ± 10 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 69 ± 8 | 70 ± 9‡ | 73 ± 8‡ |
| Race (%) | |||
| Non-Hispanic white | 79 | 57 | 69 |
| Hispanic | 15 | 16 | 14 |
| African American | 1 | 8 | 9 |
| Asian | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Other/Unknown | 1 | 16 | 6 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 4.4 ± 0.4 | 4.6 ± 0.4‡ | 4.8 ± 0.6‡ |
| Fasting insulin (μU/ml) | 10.1 ± 5.9 | 11.5 ± 6.3 | 15.8 ± 9.6‡ |
| HOMA§ | 2.0 ± 1.3 | 2.4 ± 1.7‡ | 3.5 ± 2.5‡ |
| GLT glucose (mmol/l) | 5.9 ± 0.9 | 8.6 ± 0.7‡ | 9.3 ± 0.1‡ |
| Gestational age at GLT testing (weeks) | 27.8 ± 1.0 | 28.3 ± 1.0‡ | 27.4 ± 2.2 |
| Delivery characteristics | |||
| Gestational age at delivery (weeks) | 39.2 ± 1.2 | 39.3 ± 1.5 | 38.9 ± 1.3 |
| Birth weight (g) | 3,494 ± 456 | 3,456 ± 444 | 3,518 ± 528 |
Data are means ± SD.
An abnormal GLT was defined as a glucose level ≥7.8 mmol/l 1 h following a nonfasting 50-g oral glucose load (ref. 1).
GDM was defined using the results of a fasting 100-g oral glucose tolerance test, according to criteria of the American Diabetes Association (ref. 1).
P < 0.05 compared with control subjects.
HOMA = [fasting glucose (in mmol/l) × fasting insulin (in μU/ml)]/22.5 (ref. 4).