Prevalence of diabetic nephropathy categorized according to total and differential white cell count quartiles and multivariate analysis of the impact of leukocyte count on diabetic nephropathy
| . | 1st quartile . | 2nd quartile . | 3rd quartile . | 4th quartile . | P for trend . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total WBC count | 2.55–5.59 | 5.60–6.66 | 6.67–7.83 | 7.84–11.94 | <0.001 |
| Normoalbuminuria (%) | 72.3 | 60.7 | 58.2 | 49.5 | <0.0001 |
| Microalbuminuria (%) | 17.7 | 22.8 | 23.2 | 23.7 | <0.0001 |
| Overt nephropathy (%) | 10.1 | 16.5 | 18.6 | 26.9 | 0.001 |
| Multivariate | 1.0 | 2.0 (1.33–3.10) | 2.4 (1.59–3.70) | 4.2 (2.77–6.40) | — |
| Neutrophil count | 1,005–2,979 | 2,980–3,741 | 3,742–4,772 | 4,773–10,341 | <0.001 |
| Normoalbuminuria (%) | 72.7 | 64.9 | 59.2 | 43.8 | <0.0001 |
| Microalbuminuria (%) | 18.7 | 22.4 | 22.4 | 23.8 | <0.0001 |
| Overt nephropathy (%) | 8.7 | 12.7 | 18.4 | 32.4 | 0.019 |
| Multivariate | 1.0 | 1.6 (1.00–2.41) | 2.5 (1.65–3.87) | 5.5 (3.64–8.40) | — |
| Monocyte count | 47.9–341 | 342–433 | 434–559 | 560–1685 | <0.001 |
| Normoalbuminuria (%) | 67.8 | 68.2 | 60.3 | 44.3 | <0.0001 |
| Microalbuminuria (%) | 20.1 | 19.1 | 22.2 | 26.0 | 0.019 |
| Overt nephropathy (%) | 12.2 | 12.7 | 17.6 | 29.7 | 0.995 |
| Multivariate | 1.0 | 1.1 (0.69–1.62) | 1.7 (1.13–2.56) | 3.5 (2.36–5.30) | — |
| Lymphocyte count | 221–1,622 | 1,623–2,067 | 2,068–2,580 | 2,581–5,958 | <0.001 |
| Normoalbuminuria (%) | 54.3 | 60.0 | 63.8 | 62.4 | 0.0001 |
| Microalbuminuria (%) | 17.8 | 23.0 | 22.2 | 24.3 | <0.0001 |
| Overt nephropathy (%) | 27.8 | 17.0 | 14.1 | 13.2 | 0.006 |
| Multivariate | 1.0 | 0.7 (0.46–0.99) | 0.6 (0.38–0.83) | 0.6 (0.43–0.95) | — |
| . | 1st quartile . | 2nd quartile . | 3rd quartile . | 4th quartile . | P for trend . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total WBC count | 2.55–5.59 | 5.60–6.66 | 6.67–7.83 | 7.84–11.94 | <0.001 |
| Normoalbuminuria (%) | 72.3 | 60.7 | 58.2 | 49.5 | <0.0001 |
| Microalbuminuria (%) | 17.7 | 22.8 | 23.2 | 23.7 | <0.0001 |
| Overt nephropathy (%) | 10.1 | 16.5 | 18.6 | 26.9 | 0.001 |
| Multivariate | 1.0 | 2.0 (1.33–3.10) | 2.4 (1.59–3.70) | 4.2 (2.77–6.40) | — |
| Neutrophil count | 1,005–2,979 | 2,980–3,741 | 3,742–4,772 | 4,773–10,341 | <0.001 |
| Normoalbuminuria (%) | 72.7 | 64.9 | 59.2 | 43.8 | <0.0001 |
| Microalbuminuria (%) | 18.7 | 22.4 | 22.4 | 23.8 | <0.0001 |
| Overt nephropathy (%) | 8.7 | 12.7 | 18.4 | 32.4 | 0.019 |
| Multivariate | 1.0 | 1.6 (1.00–2.41) | 2.5 (1.65–3.87) | 5.5 (3.64–8.40) | — |
| Monocyte count | 47.9–341 | 342–433 | 434–559 | 560–1685 | <0.001 |
| Normoalbuminuria (%) | 67.8 | 68.2 | 60.3 | 44.3 | <0.0001 |
| Microalbuminuria (%) | 20.1 | 19.1 | 22.2 | 26.0 | 0.019 |
| Overt nephropathy (%) | 12.2 | 12.7 | 17.6 | 29.7 | 0.995 |
| Multivariate | 1.0 | 1.1 (0.69–1.62) | 1.7 (1.13–2.56) | 3.5 (2.36–5.30) | — |
| Lymphocyte count | 221–1,622 | 1,623–2,067 | 2,068–2,580 | 2,581–5,958 | <0.001 |
| Normoalbuminuria (%) | 54.3 | 60.0 | 63.8 | 62.4 | 0.0001 |
| Microalbuminuria (%) | 17.8 | 23.0 | 22.2 | 24.3 | <0.0001 |
| Overt nephropathy (%) | 27.8 | 17.0 | 14.1 | 13.2 | 0.006 |
| Multivariate | 1.0 | 0.7 (0.46–0.99) | 0.6 (0.38–0.83) | 0.6 (0.43–0.95) | — |
Data are odds ratios (95% CI) and are adjusted for age, sex, BMI, WHR, and smoking status. See definition and criteria of diabetic nephropathy in research design and methods. Patients with normoalbuminuria were used as a reference, and the sum of patients with microalbuminuria and overt nephropathy were used as cases.