Characteristics associated with progression to microalbuminuria and DN; controlling for type of diabetes and baseline microalbuminuria status
| Variable . | OR . | 95% CI . |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | ||
| 0–19 | 1.00 | — |
| 20–39 | 0.28 | 0.03–2.47 |
| 40–59 | 1.68 | 0.54–5.18 |
| ≥60 | 3.97 | 0.67–23.6 |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 1.00 | — |
| Female | 0.99 | 0.34–2.85 |
| Race | ||
| White | 1.00 | — |
| Black | 0.28 | 0.07–1.20 |
| Duration (years) | ||
| 0–4 | 1.00 | — |
| 5–9 | 1.27 | 0.31–5.18 |
| 10–14 | 4.11 | 1.00–7.07* |
| + 15 | 0.27 | 0.03–2.69 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | ||
| <25 | 1.00 | — |
| ≥25 | 0.57 | 0.05–6.42 |
| GHb | ||
| <10 | 1.00 | — |
| ≥10 | 7.22 | 1.41–16.8* |
| SBP (mmHg) | ||
| <123 | 1.00 | — |
| ≥123 | 1.28 | 0.40–4.08 |
| DBP (mmHg) | ||
| <71 | 1.00 | — |
| ≥71 | 0.99 | 0.29–3.32 |
| TCHOL (mg/dl) | 1.01 | 1.00–1.02* |
| TRIG (mg/dl) | 1.10 | 1.01–1.17* |
| HDL (mg/dl) | ||
| <41 | 1.00 | — |
| ≥41 | 0.97 | 0.26–3.71 |
| ACE Inhibitor at follow-up | ||
| No | 1.00 | — |
| Yes | 14.40 | 3.27–36.10* |
| Family history of hypertension | ||
| No | 1.00 | — |
| Yes | 0.73 | 0.24–2.28 |
| Smoking | ||
| No | 1.00 | — |
| Yes | 1.40 | 0.41–4.79 |
| Variable . | OR . | 95% CI . |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | ||
| 0–19 | 1.00 | — |
| 20–39 | 0.28 | 0.03–2.47 |
| 40–59 | 1.68 | 0.54–5.18 |
| ≥60 | 3.97 | 0.67–23.6 |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 1.00 | — |
| Female | 0.99 | 0.34–2.85 |
| Race | ||
| White | 1.00 | — |
| Black | 0.28 | 0.07–1.20 |
| Duration (years) | ||
| 0–4 | 1.00 | — |
| 5–9 | 1.27 | 0.31–5.18 |
| 10–14 | 4.11 | 1.00–7.07* |
| + 15 | 0.27 | 0.03–2.69 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | ||
| <25 | 1.00 | — |
| ≥25 | 0.57 | 0.05–6.42 |
| GHb | ||
| <10 | 1.00 | — |
| ≥10 | 7.22 | 1.41–16.8* |
| SBP (mmHg) | ||
| <123 | 1.00 | — |
| ≥123 | 1.28 | 0.40–4.08 |
| DBP (mmHg) | ||
| <71 | 1.00 | — |
| ≥71 | 0.99 | 0.29–3.32 |
| TCHOL (mg/dl) | 1.01 | 1.00–1.02* |
| TRIG (mg/dl) | 1.10 | 1.01–1.17* |
| HDL (mg/dl) | ||
| <41 | 1.00 | — |
| ≥41 | 0.97 | 0.26–3.71 |
| ACE Inhibitor at follow-up | ||
| No | 1.00 | — |
| Yes | 14.40 | 3.27–36.10* |
| Family history of hypertension | ||
| No | 1.00 | — |
| Yes | 0.73 | 0.24–2.28 |
| Smoking | ||
| No | 1.00 | — |
| Yes | 1.40 | 0.41–4.79 |
Statistically significant at P < 0.05. DBP, diastolic blood pressure; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TCHOL, total cholesterol; TRIG, triglycerides.