American Diabetes Association

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Table 3—

Multivariable associations with diabetes metabolic control

Independent variable	Dependent variable: most recent HbA_1c					Dependent variable: change in HbA_1c^*
Independent variable		Parameter estimate	P value	Partial R²	Parameter estimate	P value	Partial R²
Race (white = 0)	0.29	0.04	0.5%	0.28	0.04	0.4%
Sex (male = 0)	−0.21	0.13	NA	−0.12	0.36	NA
Age (years)	−0.014	0.02	0.7%	−0.005	0.38	NA
Income/copay	Multiple	0.12	NA	Multiple	0.57	NA
Adherence (0–100%)	−0.016	<0.0001	2.7%	0.013	<0.0001	1.5%
No. oral agents	0.89	<0.0001	7.5%	0.63	<0.0001	3.6%
Insulin use (0 or 1)	0.75	<0.0001	2.6%	0.50	0.001	1.1%
No. HbA_1c levels	−0.09	0.06	NA	−0.05	0.33	NA
No. encounters	−0.006	0.61	NA	0.004	0.68	NA
Continuity index	−0.10	0.74	NA	0.28	0.35	NA

Independent variable	Dependent variable: most recent HbA_1c					Dependent variable: change in HbA_1c^*
Independent variable		Parameter estimate	P value	Partial R²	Parameter estimate	P value	Partial R²
Race (white = 0)	0.29	0.04	0.5%	0.28	0.04	0.4%
Sex (male = 0)	−0.21	0.13	NA	−0.12	0.36	NA
Age (years)	−0.014	0.02	0.7%	−0.005	0.38	NA
Income/copay	Multiple	0.12	NA	Multiple	0.57	NA
Adherence (0–100%)	−0.016	<0.0001	2.7%	0.013	<0.0001	1.5%
No. oral agents	0.89	<0.0001	7.5%	0.63	<0.0001	3.6%
Insulin use (0 or 1)	0.75	<0.0001	2.6%	0.50	0.001	1.1%
No. HbA_1c levels	−0.09	0.06	NA	−0.05	0.33	NA
No. encounters	−0.006	0.61	NA	0.004	0.68	NA
Continuity index	−0.10	0.74	NA	0.28	0.35	NA

*

The initial HbA_1c level was controlled for in this model.