| PA (kcal/day)‡ . | . | . | . | . | . | . | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Group A . | . | Group B . | . | Group C . | . | ||||||
| . | N . | Mean (SE) . | N . | Mean (SE) . | N . | Mean (SE) . | ||||||
| Baseline | 59 | 342 (20.5) | 60 | 336 (25.1) | 62 | 321 (18.7) | ||||||
| 6 months | 56 | 339 (22.9) | 58 | 344 (25.4) | 58 | 289 (21.4) | ||||||
| 12 months | 53 | 364 (22.8) | 56 | 322 (26.9) | 56 | 297 (22.0) | ||||||
| PA (kcal/day)‡ . | . | . | . | . | . | . | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Group A . | . | Group B . | . | Group C . | . | ||||||
| . | N . | Mean (SE) . | N . | Mean (SE) . | N . | Mean (SE) . | ||||||
| Baseline | 59 | 342 (20.5) | 60 | 336 (25.1) | 62 | 321 (18.7) | ||||||
| 6 months | 56 | 339 (22.9) | 58 | 344 (25.4) | 58 | 289 (21.4) | ||||||
| 12 months | 53 | 364 (22.8) | 56 | 322 (26.9) | 56 | 297 (22.0) | ||||||
| Comparisons of adjusted means for PA at 6 and 12 months§ . | . | . | . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Difference (SE) . | 95% CI . | P . | |||
| Group A vs. C | 44.1 (15.8) | 13.1 to 75.1 | 0.0055 | |||
| Group B vs. C | 33.1 (15.1) | 3.3 to 62.8 | 0.029 | |||
| Group A vs. B | 11.0 (15.6) | −19.6 to 41.7 | 0.48 | |||
| Comparisons of adjusted means for PA at 6 and 12 months§ . | . | . | . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Difference (SE) . | 95% CI . | P . | |||
| Group A vs. C | 44.1 (15.8) | 13.1 to 75.1 | 0.0055 | |||
| Group B vs. C | 33.1 (15.1) | 3.3 to 62.8 | 0.029 | |||
| Group A vs. B | 11.0 (15.6) | −19.6 to 41.7 | 0.48 | |||
| Time-specific comparisons of adjusted means for PA . | . | . | . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Difference (SE) . | 95% CI . | P . | |||
| Group A vs. C | ||||||
| 6 months | 36.2 (21.6) | 6.3 to 78.7 | 0.095 | |||
| 12 months | 52.0 (22.0) | 8.7 to 95.4 | 0.019 | |||
| Group B vs. C | ||||||
| 6 months | 44.5 (21.1) | 3.0 to 86.0 | 0.036 | |||
| 12 months | 21.7 (21.4) | −20.4 to 63.7 | 0.31 | |||
| Group A vs. B | ||||||
| 6 months | −8.3 (21.4) | −50.3 to 33.8 | 0.70 | |||
| 12 months | 30.4 (22.0) | −12.9 to 73.6 | 0.17 | |||
| Time-specific comparisons of adjusted means for PA . | . | . | . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Difference (SE) . | 95% CI . | P . | |||
| Group A vs. C | ||||||
| 6 months | 36.2 (21.6) | 6.3 to 78.7 | 0.095 | |||
| 12 months | 52.0 (22.0) | 8.7 to 95.4 | 0.019 | |||
| Group B vs. C | ||||||
| 6 months | 44.5 (21.1) | 3.0 to 86.0 | 0.036 | |||
| 12 months | 21.7 (21.4) | −20.4 to 63.7 | 0.31 | |||
| Group A vs. B | ||||||
| 6 months | −8.3 (21.4) | −50.3 to 33.8 | 0.70 | |||
| 12 months | 30.4 (22.0) | −12.9 to 73.6 | 0.17 | |||
Means are for participants with baseline and at least one follow-up measure.
Group A received the clinic- and community-based intervention, group B received the clinic-based intervention, and group C received the minimal intervention. Comparison of means are adjusted for the following variables: baseline value of PA, age, educational achievement, number of years with diabetes, BMI, living with a spouse or someone like a spouse, using oral medication for diabetes, use of insulin, and an interaction term for living with spouse or someone like a spouse and use of oral medication.
Kilocalories per day attributed to PA as assessed by accelerometer.
Overall group effect: P = 0.014.