Interactions between PLIN 11482G→A and PLIN 14995A→T polymorphisms and intakes of total fat, SFAs, and carbohydrate in determining plasma insulin resistance–related measures in Singapore women (Chinese, Malay, and Asian Indian)
| . | Polymorphism . | Genotypes* . | Tertiles . | . | . | P trend† . | P interaction‡ . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | . | . | 1 (n = 384) . | 2 (n = 385) . | 3 (n = 384) . | . | . | ||
| Total fat (tertiles of intake, %) | 7.1–25.2 | 25.2–29.8 | 29.8–54.1 | ||||||
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 11482G→A | GG + GA | 5.62 ± 0.08 | 5.60 ± 0.07 | 5.68 ± 0.07 | 0.713 | 0.425 | ||
| AA | 5.41 ± 0.15 | 5.56 ± 0.14 | 5.62 ± 0.13 | 0.327 | |||||
| Fasting insulin (mU/l) | GG + GA | 8.62 ± 0.31 | 8.16 ± 0.29 | 8.31 ± 0.30 | 0.824 | 0.010 | |||
| AA | 7.53 ± 0.62 | 8.10 ± 0.62 | 9.31 ± 0.59 | 0.134 | |||||
| HOMA-IR | GG + GA | 2.23 ± 0.09 | 2.10 ± 0.08 | 2.19 ± 0.08 | 0.737 | 0.007 | |||
| AA | 1.89 ± 0.18 | 2.10 ± 0.17 | 2.41 ± 0.17 | 0.104 | |||||
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 14995A→T | AA + AT | 5.58 ± 0.07 | 5.56 ± 0.07 | 5.69 ± 0.07 | 0.338 | 0.448 | ||
| TT | 5.55 ± 0.14 | 5.58 ± 0.14 | 5.63 ± 0.12 | 0.574 | |||||
| Fasting insulin (mU/l) | AA + AT | 8.58 ± 0.28 | 8.17 ± 0.27 | 8.24 ± 0.26 | 0.864 | 0.014 | |||
| TT | 7.58 ± 0.88 | 7.89 ± 0.81 | 9.33 ± 0.91 | 0.333 | |||||
| HOMA-IR | AA + AT | 2.21 ± 0.08 | 2.08 ± 0.08 | 2.17 ± 0.08 | 0.726 | 0.012 | |||
| TT | 1.93 ± 0.25 | 2.16 ± 0.23 | 2.41 ± 0.26 | 0.287 | |||||
| SFA (tertiles of intake, %) | 3.1–9.4 | 9.4–11.8 | 11.8–19.0 | ||||||
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 11482G→A | GG + GA | 5.62 ± 0.07 | 5.6 ± 0.07 | 5.66 ± 0.06 | 0.818 | 0.004 | ||
| AA | 5.35 ± 0.12 | 5.55 ± 0.12 | 5.82 ± 0.12 | 0.014 | |||||
| Fasting insulin (mU/l) | GG + GA | 8.49 ± 0.31 | 8.37 ± 0.33 | 8.24 ± 0.28 | 0.938 | 0.004 | |||
| AA | 7.50 ± 0.60 | 7.52 ± 0.61 | 9.82 ± 0.60 | 0.030 | |||||
| HOMA-IR | GG + GA | 2.19 ± 0.09 | 2.16 ± 0.10 | 2.17 ± 0.08 | 0.978 | 0.003 | |||
| AA | 1.79 ± 0.17 | 1.90 ± 0.17 | 2.65 ± 0.17 | 0.006 | |||||
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 14995A→T | AA + AT | 5.63 ± 0.07 | 5.57 ± 0.07 | 5.64 ± 0.06 | 0.816 | 0.009 | ||
| TT | 5.38 ± 0.14 | 5.69 ± 0.15 | 5.91 ± 0.14 | 0.006 | |||||
| Fasting insulin (mU/l) | AA + AT | 8.29 ± 0.25 | 8.18 ± 0.24 | 7.89 ± 0.30 | 0.963 | 0.014 | |||
| TT | 7.59 ± 0.85 | 7.70 ± 0.90 | 9.20 ± 0.87 | 0.332 | |||||
| HOMA-IR | AA + AT | 2.16 ± 0.08 | 2.15 ± 0.09 | 2.15 ± 0.07 | 0.983 | 0.005 | |||
| TT | 1.86 ± 0.24 | 2.00 ± 0.26 | 2.57 ± 0.25 | 0.095 | |||||
| CHO (tertiles of intake, %) | 34.5–56.3 | 56.3–61.7 | 61.7–84.5 | ||||||
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 11482G→A | GG + GA | 5.52 ± 0.07 | 5.59 ± 0.07 | 5.72 ± 0.06 | 0.050 | 0.145 | ||
| AA | 5.72 ± 0.13 | 5.65 ± 0.12 | 5.39 ± 0.12 | 0.121 | |||||
| Fasting insulin (mU/l) | GG + GA | 8.07 ± 0.30 | 8.43 ± 0.30 | 8.55 ± 0.30 | 0.244 | 0.007 | |||
| AA | 9.10 ± 0.61 | 8.54 ± 0.57 | 7.32 ± 0.64 | 0.042 | |||||
| HOMA-IR | GG + GA | 2.12 ± 0.08 | 2.06 ± 0.09 | 2.18 ± 0.09 | 0.338 | 0.004 | |||
| AA | 2.35 ± 0.17 | 2.16 ± 0.16 | 1.89 ± 0.18 | 0.046 | |||||
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 14995A→T | AA + AT | 5.63 ± 0.07 | 5.50 ± 0.07 | 5.68 ± 0.07 | 0.726 | 0.293 | ||
| TT | 5.74 ± 0.12 | 5.53 ± 0.13 | 5.42 ± 0.12 | 0.213 | |||||
| Fasting insulin (mU/l) | AA + AT | 7.97 ± 0.26 | 8.52 ± 0.27 | 8.50 ± 0.27 | 0.162 | 0.008 | |||
| TT | 9.22 ± 0.96 | 8.28 ± 0.78 | 7.32 ± 0.89 | 0.127 | |||||
| HOMA-IR | AA + AT | 2.10 ± 0.08 | 2.15 ± 0.08 | 2.21 ± 0.08 | 0.282 | 0.012 | |||
| TT | 2.39 ± 0.28 | 2.20 ± 0.22 | 1.92 ± 0.26 | 0.143 | |||||
| . | Polymorphism . | Genotypes* . | Tertiles . | . | . | P trend† . | P interaction‡ . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | . | . | 1 (n = 384) . | 2 (n = 385) . | 3 (n = 384) . | . | . | ||
| Total fat (tertiles of intake, %) | 7.1–25.2 | 25.2–29.8 | 29.8–54.1 | ||||||
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 11482G→A | GG + GA | 5.62 ± 0.08 | 5.60 ± 0.07 | 5.68 ± 0.07 | 0.713 | 0.425 | ||
| AA | 5.41 ± 0.15 | 5.56 ± 0.14 | 5.62 ± 0.13 | 0.327 | |||||
| Fasting insulin (mU/l) | GG + GA | 8.62 ± 0.31 | 8.16 ± 0.29 | 8.31 ± 0.30 | 0.824 | 0.010 | |||
| AA | 7.53 ± 0.62 | 8.10 ± 0.62 | 9.31 ± 0.59 | 0.134 | |||||
| HOMA-IR | GG + GA | 2.23 ± 0.09 | 2.10 ± 0.08 | 2.19 ± 0.08 | 0.737 | 0.007 | |||
| AA | 1.89 ± 0.18 | 2.10 ± 0.17 | 2.41 ± 0.17 | 0.104 | |||||
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 14995A→T | AA + AT | 5.58 ± 0.07 | 5.56 ± 0.07 | 5.69 ± 0.07 | 0.338 | 0.448 | ||
| TT | 5.55 ± 0.14 | 5.58 ± 0.14 | 5.63 ± 0.12 | 0.574 | |||||
| Fasting insulin (mU/l) | AA + AT | 8.58 ± 0.28 | 8.17 ± 0.27 | 8.24 ± 0.26 | 0.864 | 0.014 | |||
| TT | 7.58 ± 0.88 | 7.89 ± 0.81 | 9.33 ± 0.91 | 0.333 | |||||
| HOMA-IR | AA + AT | 2.21 ± 0.08 | 2.08 ± 0.08 | 2.17 ± 0.08 | 0.726 | 0.012 | |||
| TT | 1.93 ± 0.25 | 2.16 ± 0.23 | 2.41 ± 0.26 | 0.287 | |||||
| SFA (tertiles of intake, %) | 3.1–9.4 | 9.4–11.8 | 11.8–19.0 | ||||||
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 11482G→A | GG + GA | 5.62 ± 0.07 | 5.6 ± 0.07 | 5.66 ± 0.06 | 0.818 | 0.004 | ||
| AA | 5.35 ± 0.12 | 5.55 ± 0.12 | 5.82 ± 0.12 | 0.014 | |||||
| Fasting insulin (mU/l) | GG + GA | 8.49 ± 0.31 | 8.37 ± 0.33 | 8.24 ± 0.28 | 0.938 | 0.004 | |||
| AA | 7.50 ± 0.60 | 7.52 ± 0.61 | 9.82 ± 0.60 | 0.030 | |||||
| HOMA-IR | GG + GA | 2.19 ± 0.09 | 2.16 ± 0.10 | 2.17 ± 0.08 | 0.978 | 0.003 | |||
| AA | 1.79 ± 0.17 | 1.90 ± 0.17 | 2.65 ± 0.17 | 0.006 | |||||
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 14995A→T | AA + AT | 5.63 ± 0.07 | 5.57 ± 0.07 | 5.64 ± 0.06 | 0.816 | 0.009 | ||
| TT | 5.38 ± 0.14 | 5.69 ± 0.15 | 5.91 ± 0.14 | 0.006 | |||||
| Fasting insulin (mU/l) | AA + AT | 8.29 ± 0.25 | 8.18 ± 0.24 | 7.89 ± 0.30 | 0.963 | 0.014 | |||
| TT | 7.59 ± 0.85 | 7.70 ± 0.90 | 9.20 ± 0.87 | 0.332 | |||||
| HOMA-IR | AA + AT | 2.16 ± 0.08 | 2.15 ± 0.09 | 2.15 ± 0.07 | 0.983 | 0.005 | |||
| TT | 1.86 ± 0.24 | 2.00 ± 0.26 | 2.57 ± 0.25 | 0.095 | |||||
| CHO (tertiles of intake, %) | 34.5–56.3 | 56.3–61.7 | 61.7–84.5 | ||||||
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 11482G→A | GG + GA | 5.52 ± 0.07 | 5.59 ± 0.07 | 5.72 ± 0.06 | 0.050 | 0.145 | ||
| AA | 5.72 ± 0.13 | 5.65 ± 0.12 | 5.39 ± 0.12 | 0.121 | |||||
| Fasting insulin (mU/l) | GG + GA | 8.07 ± 0.30 | 8.43 ± 0.30 | 8.55 ± 0.30 | 0.244 | 0.007 | |||
| AA | 9.10 ± 0.61 | 8.54 ± 0.57 | 7.32 ± 0.64 | 0.042 | |||||
| HOMA-IR | GG + GA | 2.12 ± 0.08 | 2.06 ± 0.09 | 2.18 ± 0.09 | 0.338 | 0.004 | |||
| AA | 2.35 ± 0.17 | 2.16 ± 0.16 | 1.89 ± 0.18 | 0.046 | |||||
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 14995A→T | AA + AT | 5.63 ± 0.07 | 5.50 ± 0.07 | 5.68 ± 0.07 | 0.726 | 0.293 | ||
| TT | 5.74 ± 0.12 | 5.53 ± 0.13 | 5.42 ± 0.12 | 0.213 | |||||
| Fasting insulin (mU/l) | AA + AT | 7.97 ± 0.26 | 8.52 ± 0.27 | 8.50 ± 0.27 | 0.162 | 0.008 | |||
| TT | 9.22 ± 0.96 | 8.28 ± 0.78 | 7.32 ± 0.89 | 0.127 | |||||
| HOMA-IR | AA + AT | 2.10 ± 0.08 | 2.15 ± 0.08 | 2.21 ± 0.08 | 0.282 | 0.012 | |||
| TT | 2.39 ± 0.28 | 2.20 ± 0.22 | 1.92 ± 0.26 | 0.143 | |||||
Data are means ± SE.
The distribution of PLIN genotypes in these 1,153 women were 424 GG, 552 GA, and 177 AA for the 11482G→A and 378 AA, 567 AT, and 208 TT for the 14995A→T.
P for lineal trend was estimated by comparing adjusted means of insulin resistance variables across tertiles of macronutrient intake depending on the genotype group (expressed as percent of energy). Means were adjusted for ethnicity, age, BMI, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, diabetes status, and energy intake. Further adjustment of means for fat or carbohydrate did not modify the statistical significance of results.
P value for the interaction term between the PLIN polymorphisms and tertiles of the corresponding macronutrient in the hierarchial multivariate regression model. CHO, carbohydrate.