Baseline demographic and clinical variables
| . | Vegan group . | ADA group . | P value . |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 49 | 50 | |
| Age (years) | 56.7 (35–82) | 54.6 (27–80) | 0.29 |
| Sex | 0.26 | ||
| Male | 22 (45) | 17 (34) | |
| Female | 27 (55) | 33 (66) | |
| Race, ethnicity | 0.71* | ||
| Black, non-Hispanic | 22 (45) | 22 (44) | |
| White, non-Hispanic | 21 (43) | 22 (44) | |
| White, Hispanic | 4 (8) | 2 (4) | |
| Asian, non-Hispanic | 2 (4) | 4 (8) | |
| Marital status | 0.08 | ||
| Not married | 20 (41) | 26 (52) | |
| Married | 29 (59) | 24 (48) | |
| Education | 0.69 | ||
| High school, partial or graduate | 6 (12) | 3 (6) | |
| College, partial or graduate | 26 (53) | 25 (50) | |
| Graduate degree | 17 (35) | 22 (44) | |
| Occupation | 0.04 | ||
| Service occupation | 3 (6) | 7 (14) | |
| Technical, sales, administrative | 16 (33) | 18 (36) | |
| Professional or managerial | 15 (31) | 21 (42) | |
| Retired | 15 (31) | 4 (8) | |
| On insulin | 11 (22) | 5 (10) | 0.09 |
| On metformin | 34 (69) | 39 (78) | 0.33 |
| On sulfonylurea | 25 (51) | 29 (58) | 0.49 |
| On thiazolidinedione | 16 (33) | 15 (30) | 0.78 |
| On other diabetes medications | 1 (2) | 2 (4) | 0.57 |
| On blood pressure medications | 31 (63) | 38 (76) | 0.17 |
| On lipid-lowering medications | 27 (55) | 27 (54) | 0.88 |
| History of eye involvement | 9 (18) | 10 (20) | 0.82 |
| History of renal involvement | 6 (12) | 4 (8) | 0.48 |
| History of neuropathy | 18 (37) | 24 (48) | 0.25 |
| Mean BMI (kg/m2) | 33.9 | 35.9 | 0.18 |
| <25 kg/m2 | 5 (10) | 2 (4) | |
| 25–29.9 kg/m2 | 14 (29) | 5 (10) | |
| ≥30 kg/m2 | 30 (61) | 43 (86) |
| . | Vegan group . | ADA group . | P value . |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 49 | 50 | |
| Age (years) | 56.7 (35–82) | 54.6 (27–80) | 0.29 |
| Sex | 0.26 | ||
| Male | 22 (45) | 17 (34) | |
| Female | 27 (55) | 33 (66) | |
| Race, ethnicity | 0.71* | ||
| Black, non-Hispanic | 22 (45) | 22 (44) | |
| White, non-Hispanic | 21 (43) | 22 (44) | |
| White, Hispanic | 4 (8) | 2 (4) | |
| Asian, non-Hispanic | 2 (4) | 4 (8) | |
| Marital status | 0.08 | ||
| Not married | 20 (41) | 26 (52) | |
| Married | 29 (59) | 24 (48) | |
| Education | 0.69 | ||
| High school, partial or graduate | 6 (12) | 3 (6) | |
| College, partial or graduate | 26 (53) | 25 (50) | |
| Graduate degree | 17 (35) | 22 (44) | |
| Occupation | 0.04 | ||
| Service occupation | 3 (6) | 7 (14) | |
| Technical, sales, administrative | 16 (33) | 18 (36) | |
| Professional or managerial | 15 (31) | 21 (42) | |
| Retired | 15 (31) | 4 (8) | |
| On insulin | 11 (22) | 5 (10) | 0.09 |
| On metformin | 34 (69) | 39 (78) | 0.33 |
| On sulfonylurea | 25 (51) | 29 (58) | 0.49 |
| On thiazolidinedione | 16 (33) | 15 (30) | 0.78 |
| On other diabetes medications | 1 (2) | 2 (4) | 0.57 |
| On blood pressure medications | 31 (63) | 38 (76) | 0.17 |
| On lipid-lowering medications | 27 (55) | 27 (54) | 0.88 |
| History of eye involvement | 9 (18) | 10 (20) | 0.82 |
| History of renal involvement | 6 (12) | 4 (8) | 0.48 |
| History of neuropathy | 18 (37) | 24 (48) | 0.25 |
| Mean BMI (kg/m2) | 33.9 | 35.9 | 0.18 |
| <25 kg/m2 | 5 (10) | 2 (4) | |
| 25–29.9 kg/m2 | 14 (29) | 5 (10) | |
| ≥30 kg/m2 | 30 (61) | 43 (86) |
Data are mean (range) or n (%) unless otherwise indicated. P values refer to t test for continuous variables and χ2 for categorical variables.
P value calculated for race distribution; for ethnicity (Hispanic vs. non-Hispanic), P = 0.39.