Table 1—

Characteristics of cohort studies examining the relation between BMI and GDM

CitationCountryType and source of cohort, study periodGDM prevalence (%)Cohort sizeBMI/weight categories (kg/m2)
NormalOverweightObeseSeverely obese
Baeten, 2001 U.S. Prospective cohort from birth certificate records, 1992–1996 2.1 96,801 20–24.9 25–29.9 ≥30 NA 
Berkowitz, 1992 U.S. Prospective cohort from medical center database, 1987–1989 3.2 10,187 <27.3 27.3–32.2 ≥32.3 NA 
Bianco, 1998 U.S. Retrospective cohort from medical center perinatal database, 1988–1995 4.8 11,926 19–27 NA >35 NA 
Brennand, 2005 Canada Retrospective cohort from medical records of Cree women, 1994–2000 18.6 603 18.5–24.9 25–29.9 ≥30 NA 
Callaway, 2006 Australia Retrospective cohort from hospital obstetric database, 1998–2002 2.0 11,252 20.01–25 25.01–30 30.01–40 >40 
Di Cianni, 2003 Italy Retrospective cohort from university department medical records, 1995–2001 8.7 3,950 <25 25–29 ≥30 NA 
Dyck, 2002 Canada Prospective cohort from survey and hospital records of aboriginal and nonaboriginal women, 1998 3.9 1,612 20–24.9 25–29.9 ≥30 NA 
Dye, 1997 U.S. Retrospective population-based birth registry, 1995–1996 2.9 12,538 19.8–26.0 26.1–29.0 29.1–33.0 >33.0 
Galtier-Dereure, 1995 France Retrospective cohort from obstetrics department medical records, 1990–1993 19.9 166 18–24.9 25–29.9 30–34.9 ≥35 
Grossetti, 2004 France Retrospective cohort from maternity ward medical records, 2002–2003 2.0 2,496 20–25 NA NA >40 
Harris, 1997 Canada Retrospective cohort from hospital medical records of Ojibwa-Cree women, 1990–1993 9.5 719 19.8–24.9 25–29.9 ≥30 NA 
Kumari, 2001 United Arab Emirates Retrospective cohort from maternity unit medical records, 1996–1998 9.8 488 22–28 NA NA ≥40 
Michlin, 2000 Israel Retrospective cohort from hospital medical records, August 1995–November 1995 3.6 334 19.8–26 NA >29 NA 
Ogunyemi, 1998 U.S. Retrospective cohort of low-income African-American women from hospital medical records, 1990–1995 2.6 582 19.8–26 26.1–29 >29 NA 
Raatikainen, 2006 Finland Retrospective cohort from a university hospital, 1989–2001 2.6 25,601 ≤25 26–29 ≥30 NA 
Ramos, 2005 U.S. Retrospective cohort from medical center medical records, 1981–2001 3.5 22,685 19.8–26 26.1–29 >29 NA 
Robinson, 2005 Nova Scotia Prospective cohort from population-based perinatal database, 1988–2002 2.6 89,139 55–75 kg NA 90–120 kg >12 kg 
Rosenberg, 2003 U.S. Retrospective cohort from state birth certificate file, 1998–1999 3.5 213,208 100–149 lb 150–199 lb 200–299 lb ≥300 lb 
Sebire, 2001 U.K. Retrospective cohort from a maternity ward database, 1989–1997 1.3 325,395 20–24.9 25–29.9 ≥30 NA 
Solomon, 1997 U.S. Prospective cohort from self-reported questionnaires of nurses, 1992–1994 4.9 14,613 20–24.9 25–29.9 ≥30 NA 
CitationCountryType and source of cohort, study periodGDM prevalence (%)Cohort sizeBMI/weight categories (kg/m2)
NormalOverweightObeseSeverely obese
Baeten, 2001 U.S. Prospective cohort from birth certificate records, 1992–1996 2.1 96,801 20–24.9 25–29.9 ≥30 NA 
Berkowitz, 1992 U.S. Prospective cohort from medical center database, 1987–1989 3.2 10,187 <27.3 27.3–32.2 ≥32.3 NA 
Bianco, 1998 U.S. Retrospective cohort from medical center perinatal database, 1988–1995 4.8 11,926 19–27 NA >35 NA 
Brennand, 2005 Canada Retrospective cohort from medical records of Cree women, 1994–2000 18.6 603 18.5–24.9 25–29.9 ≥30 NA 
Callaway, 2006 Australia Retrospective cohort from hospital obstetric database, 1998–2002 2.0 11,252 20.01–25 25.01–30 30.01–40 >40 
Di Cianni, 2003 Italy Retrospective cohort from university department medical records, 1995–2001 8.7 3,950 <25 25–29 ≥30 NA 
Dyck, 2002 Canada Prospective cohort from survey and hospital records of aboriginal and nonaboriginal women, 1998 3.9 1,612 20–24.9 25–29.9 ≥30 NA 
Dye, 1997 U.S. Retrospective population-based birth registry, 1995–1996 2.9 12,538 19.8–26.0 26.1–29.0 29.1–33.0 >33.0 
Galtier-Dereure, 1995 France Retrospective cohort from obstetrics department medical records, 1990–1993 19.9 166 18–24.9 25–29.9 30–34.9 ≥35 
Grossetti, 2004 France Retrospective cohort from maternity ward medical records, 2002–2003 2.0 2,496 20–25 NA NA >40 
Harris, 1997 Canada Retrospective cohort from hospital medical records of Ojibwa-Cree women, 1990–1993 9.5 719 19.8–24.9 25–29.9 ≥30 NA 
Kumari, 2001 United Arab Emirates Retrospective cohort from maternity unit medical records, 1996–1998 9.8 488 22–28 NA NA ≥40 
Michlin, 2000 Israel Retrospective cohort from hospital medical records, August 1995–November 1995 3.6 334 19.8–26 NA >29 NA 
Ogunyemi, 1998 U.S. Retrospective cohort of low-income African-American women from hospital medical records, 1990–1995 2.6 582 19.8–26 26.1–29 >29 NA 
Raatikainen, 2006 Finland Retrospective cohort from a university hospital, 1989–2001 2.6 25,601 ≤25 26–29 ≥30 NA 
Ramos, 2005 U.S. Retrospective cohort from medical center medical records, 1981–2001 3.5 22,685 19.8–26 26.1–29 >29 NA 
Robinson, 2005 Nova Scotia Prospective cohort from population-based perinatal database, 1988–2002 2.6 89,139 55–75 kg NA 90–120 kg >12 kg 
Rosenberg, 2003 U.S. Retrospective cohort from state birth certificate file, 1998–1999 3.5 213,208 100–149 lb 150–199 lb 200–299 lb ≥300 lb 
Sebire, 2001 U.K. Retrospective cohort from a maternity ward database, 1989–1997 1.3 325,395 20–24.9 25–29.9 ≥30 NA 
Solomon, 1997 U.S. Prospective cohort from self-reported questionnaires of nurses, 1992–1994 4.9 14,613 20–24.9 25–29.9 ≥30 NA 

GDM prevalence (%) is the rate for total study population. NA, not available.

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