Table 1—

Annual number of singleton births, mean maternal age, and prevalence of preexisting diabetes per 100 births by maternal age and race/ethnicity among 209,287 births by year, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, 1999–2005

1999200020012002200320042005Ptrend*
No. births 32,089 31,377 29,980 29,877 29,598 28,135 28,231  
Mean age (years) 28.2 28.3 28.5 28.8 29.0 29.1 29.1  
No. with diabetes† 245 333 315 377 451 526 537  
    13–19 years 0.11 (0.07) 0.25 (0.10) 0.14 (0.08) 0.21 (0.11) 0.51 (0.17) 0.17 (0.10) 0.55 (0.17) 0.0106 
    20–24 years 0.36 (0.07) 0.48 (0.09) 0.41 (0.08) 0.58 (0.10) 0.66 (0.11) 0.87 (0.13) 0.72 (0.12) 0.0001 
    25–29 years 0.59 (0.08) 0.70 (0.09) 0.85 (0.10) 0.92 (0.10) 1.19 (0.12) 1.40 (0.13) 1.29 (0.13) <0.0001 
    30–34 years 0.95 (0.11) 1.44 (0.13) 1.23 (0.12) 1.50 (0.13) 1.83 (0.15) 2.34 (0.17) 2.36 (0.17) <0.0001 
    35–39 years 1.39 (0.18) 1.98 (0.22) 1.87 (0.21) 2.30 (0.23) 2.61 (0.24) 3.00 (0.26) 3.43 (0.27) <0.0001 
    ≥40 years 2.86 (0.54) 3.13 (0.57) 3.62 (0.58) 3.32 (0.54) 3.35 (0.54) 4.66 (0.66) 4.08 (0.60) 0.0425 
Race/ethnicity         
    Non-Hispanic white         
        Crude 0.63 (0.08) 0.89 (0.10) 0.82 (0.10) 1.14 (0.12) 1.23 (0.13) 1.53 (0.14) 1.48 (0.15) <0.0001 
        Age-adjusted 0.61 (0.02) 0.87 (0.02) 0.75 (0.02) 1.09 (0.02) 1.15 (0.02) 1.42 (0.03) 1.38 (0.03) <0.0001 
    Hispanic         
        Crude 0.75 (0.07) 1.13 (0.08) 1.05 (0.08) 1.22 (0.09) 1.66 (0.10) 1.98 (0.12) 1.92 (0.11) <0.0001 
        Age-adjusted 0.89 (0.02) 1.29 (0.02) 1.15 (0.02) 1.27 (0.02) 1.72 (0.03) 2.04 (0.03) 1.95 (0.03) <0.0001 
    Black         
        Crude 0.87 (0.16) 1.39 (0.21) 1.44 (0.21) 1.59 (0.23) 1.66 (0.24) 2.11 (0.28) 2.59 (0.31) <0.0001 
        Age-adjusted 0.96 (0.02) 1.53 (0.03) 1.52 (0.03) 1.62 (0.03) 1.68 (0.03) 2.23 (0.03) 2.77 (0.04) <0.0001 
    Asian/Pacific Islander         
        Crude 1.07 (0.18) 0.95 (0.17) 1.20 (0.19) 1.48 (0.21) 1.47 (0.20) 2.02 (0.24) 2.12 (0.25) <0.0001 
        Age-adjusted 0.96 (0.02) 0.78 (0.02) 0.98 (0.02) 1.15 (0.02) 1.24 (0.02) 1.70 (0.03) 1.73 (0.03) <0.0001 
    Other races         
        Crude 0.95 (0.47) 0.26 (0.26) 1.17 (0.58) 1.04 (0.52) 1.63 (0.66) 1.08 (0.54) 1.97 (0.56) 0.0431 
        Age-adjusted 1.05 (0.02) 0.35 (0.01) 1.34 (0.03) 0.91 (0.02) 1.68 (0.03) 1.25 (0.02) 2.14 (0.03) 0.0710 
All women         
    Crude 0.76 (0.05) 1.06 (0.06) 1.05 (0.06) 1.26 (0.06) 1.52 (0.07) 1.87 (0.08) 1.90 (0.08) <0.0001 
    Age-adjusted 0.81 (0.02) 1.10 (0.02) 1.06 (0.02) 1.25 (0.02) 1.50 (0.03) 1.81 (0.03) 1.83 (0.03) <0.0001 
    Age- and race/ethnicity-adjusted 0.81 (0.02) 1.10 (0.02) 1.06 (0.02) 1.24 (0.02) 1.50 (0.03) 1.82 (0.03) 1.82 (0.03) <0.0001 
1999200020012002200320042005Ptrend*
No. births 32,089 31,377 29,980 29,877 29,598 28,135 28,231  
Mean age (years) 28.2 28.3 28.5 28.8 29.0 29.1 29.1  
No. with diabetes† 245 333 315 377 451 526 537  
    13–19 years 0.11 (0.07) 0.25 (0.10) 0.14 (0.08) 0.21 (0.11) 0.51 (0.17) 0.17 (0.10) 0.55 (0.17) 0.0106 
    20–24 years 0.36 (0.07) 0.48 (0.09) 0.41 (0.08) 0.58 (0.10) 0.66 (0.11) 0.87 (0.13) 0.72 (0.12) 0.0001 
    25–29 years 0.59 (0.08) 0.70 (0.09) 0.85 (0.10) 0.92 (0.10) 1.19 (0.12) 1.40 (0.13) 1.29 (0.13) <0.0001 
    30–34 years 0.95 (0.11) 1.44 (0.13) 1.23 (0.12) 1.50 (0.13) 1.83 (0.15) 2.34 (0.17) 2.36 (0.17) <0.0001 
    35–39 years 1.39 (0.18) 1.98 (0.22) 1.87 (0.21) 2.30 (0.23) 2.61 (0.24) 3.00 (0.26) 3.43 (0.27) <0.0001 
    ≥40 years 2.86 (0.54) 3.13 (0.57) 3.62 (0.58) 3.32 (0.54) 3.35 (0.54) 4.66 (0.66) 4.08 (0.60) 0.0425 
Race/ethnicity         
    Non-Hispanic white         
        Crude 0.63 (0.08) 0.89 (0.10) 0.82 (0.10) 1.14 (0.12) 1.23 (0.13) 1.53 (0.14) 1.48 (0.15) <0.0001 
        Age-adjusted 0.61 (0.02) 0.87 (0.02) 0.75 (0.02) 1.09 (0.02) 1.15 (0.02) 1.42 (0.03) 1.38 (0.03) <0.0001 
    Hispanic         
        Crude 0.75 (0.07) 1.13 (0.08) 1.05 (0.08) 1.22 (0.09) 1.66 (0.10) 1.98 (0.12) 1.92 (0.11) <0.0001 
        Age-adjusted 0.89 (0.02) 1.29 (0.02) 1.15 (0.02) 1.27 (0.02) 1.72 (0.03) 2.04 (0.03) 1.95 (0.03) <0.0001 
    Black         
        Crude 0.87 (0.16) 1.39 (0.21) 1.44 (0.21) 1.59 (0.23) 1.66 (0.24) 2.11 (0.28) 2.59 (0.31) <0.0001 
        Age-adjusted 0.96 (0.02) 1.53 (0.03) 1.52 (0.03) 1.62 (0.03) 1.68 (0.03) 2.23 (0.03) 2.77 (0.04) <0.0001 
    Asian/Pacific Islander         
        Crude 1.07 (0.18) 0.95 (0.17) 1.20 (0.19) 1.48 (0.21) 1.47 (0.20) 2.02 (0.24) 2.12 (0.25) <0.0001 
        Age-adjusted 0.96 (0.02) 0.78 (0.02) 0.98 (0.02) 1.15 (0.02) 1.24 (0.02) 1.70 (0.03) 1.73 (0.03) <0.0001 
    Other races         
        Crude 0.95 (0.47) 0.26 (0.26) 1.17 (0.58) 1.04 (0.52) 1.63 (0.66) 1.08 (0.54) 1.97 (0.56) 0.0431 
        Age-adjusted 1.05 (0.02) 0.35 (0.01) 1.34 (0.03) 0.91 (0.02) 1.68 (0.03) 1.25 (0.02) 2.14 (0.03) 0.0710 
All women         
    Crude 0.76 (0.05) 1.06 (0.06) 1.05 (0.06) 1.26 (0.06) 1.52 (0.07) 1.87 (0.08) 1.90 (0.08) <0.0001 
    Age-adjusted 0.81 (0.02) 1.10 (0.02) 1.06 (0.02) 1.25 (0.02) 1.50 (0.03) 1.81 (0.03) 1.83 (0.03) <0.0001 
    Age- and race/ethnicity-adjusted 0.81 (0.02) 1.10 (0.02) 1.06 (0.02) 1.24 (0.02) 1.50 (0.03) 1.82 (0.03) 1.82 (0.03) <0.0001 

Data are prevalence per 100 (SEM).

*

P values derived from Poisson regression models using pre-existing diabetes as the outcome variable and year as a continuous variable in the model after adjustment for other variables specified for the row.

†

Preexisting diabetes.

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