Characteristics of study participants with type 1 diabetes at the 3-year visit
| . | Subjects with type 1 diabetes (N = 374) . |
|---|---|
| 25[OH]D level (ng/mL): mean ± SD (median) | 35.4 ± 13.0 (34.0) |
| Vitamin D status | |
| Normal (>30 ng/mL) | 244 (65.2%) |
| Insufficient (20–30 ng/mL) | 92 (24.6%) |
| Deficient (<20 ng/mL) | 38 (10.2%) |
| Age at 3-year visit: mean ± SD (median) | 39.7 ± 8.9 (39.7) |
| Female | 202 (54.0%) |
| Male | 172 (46.0%) |
| BMI (kg/m2): mean ± SD (median) | 26.2 ± 4.3 (25.5) |
| Current smoker† | |
| Yes | 29 (8.3%) |
| No | 321 (91.7%) |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 175.7 ± 32.2 (172.3) |
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 62.3 ± 19.5 (59.0) |
| LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 99.3 ± 26.6 (98.2) |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 70.2 ± 47.4 (59.0) |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 111.6 ± 12.6 (110.0) |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 74.2 ± 8.7 (74.0) |
| Hypertensive¥ | |
| Yes | 175 (46.9%) |
| No | 198 (53.1%) |
| Coronary artery calcification | |
| Yes | 170 (45.5%) |
| No | 204 (54.5%) |
| VDR 420 CC | 196 (59.2%) |
| CA | 111 (33.5%) |
| AA | 24 (7.3%) |
| VDR 416 TT | 132 (41.1%) |
| TG | 126 (39.3%) |
| CC | 63 (19.6%) |
| VDR M1T TT | 64 (17.1%) |
| CT | 178 (47.6%) |
| CC | 132 (35.3%) |
| VDR Bsm1 GG | 123 (32.9%) |
| GA | 178 (47.6%) |
| AA | 73 (19.5%) |
| . | Subjects with type 1 diabetes (N = 374) . |
|---|---|
| 25[OH]D level (ng/mL): mean ± SD (median) | 35.4 ± 13.0 (34.0) |
| Vitamin D status | |
| Normal (>30 ng/mL) | 244 (65.2%) |
| Insufficient (20–30 ng/mL) | 92 (24.6%) |
| Deficient (<20 ng/mL) | 38 (10.2%) |
| Age at 3-year visit: mean ± SD (median) | 39.7 ± 8.9 (39.7) |
| Female | 202 (54.0%) |
| Male | 172 (46.0%) |
| BMI (kg/m2): mean ± SD (median) | 26.2 ± 4.3 (25.5) |
| Current smoker† | |
| Yes | 29 (8.3%) |
| No | 321 (91.7%) |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 175.7 ± 32.2 (172.3) |
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 62.3 ± 19.5 (59.0) |
| LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 99.3 ± 26.6 (98.2) |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 70.2 ± 47.4 (59.0) |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 111.6 ± 12.6 (110.0) |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 74.2 ± 8.7 (74.0) |
| Hypertensive¥ | |
| Yes | 175 (46.9%) |
| No | 198 (53.1%) |
| Coronary artery calcification | |
| Yes | 170 (45.5%) |
| No | 204 (54.5%) |
| VDR 420 CC | 196 (59.2%) |
| CA | 111 (33.5%) |
| AA | 24 (7.3%) |
| VDR 416 TT | 132 (41.1%) |
| TG | 126 (39.3%) |
| CC | 63 (19.6%) |
| VDR M1T TT | 64 (17.1%) |
| CT | 178 (47.6%) |
| CC | 132 (35.3%) |
| VDR Bsm1 GG | 123 (32.9%) |
| GA | 178 (47.6%) |
| AA | 73 (19.5%) |
†Smoking status is missing for 25 participants.
¥Hypertensive is defined as blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg or current hypertensive treatment. Hypertensive is missing for two participants.