Relationship between HDL-c and cardiovascular events and mortality according to plasma LDL-c level
| . | LDL-c <2.0 mmol/L, n = 492 . | LDL-c 2–2.5 mmol/L, n = 492 . | LDL-c >2.5 mmol/L, n = 955 . | Pinteraction <2.0 vs. 2.0–2.5/<2.0 vs. >2.5 . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MI | ||||
| n | 17 | 21 | 77 | |
| Model I | 0.99 (0.87–1.13) | 0.85 (0.71–1.02) | 0.90 (0.83–0.98) | |
| Model II | 1.01 (0.87–1.17) | 0.80 (0.66–0.98) | 0.93 (0.86–1.02) | |
| Model III | 1.01 (0.87–1.17) | 0.80 (0.65–0.97) | 0.94 (0.86–1.02) | 0.07/0.08 |
| Ischemic stroke | ||||
| n | 9 | 11 | 51 | |
| Model I | 1.06 (0.89–1.25) | 0.80 (0.61–1.05) | 0.88 (0.79–0.98) | |
| Model II | 0.96 (0.77–1.20) | 0.76 (0.57–1.02) | 0.92 (0.82–1.02) | |
| Model III | 1.00 (0.79–1.27) | 0.75 (0.55–1.02) | 0.92 (0.82–1.03) | 0.13/0.14 |
| Vascular mortality | ||||
| n | 39 | 26 | 149 | |
| Model I | 1.07 (0.99–1.15) | 0.98 (0.86–1.12) | 0.93 (0.88–0.99) | |
| Model II | 1.10 (1.01–1.19) | 0.96 (0.82–1.11) | 0.96 (0.91–1.02) | |
| Model III | 1.12 (1.03–1.22) | 0.94 (0.81–1.10) | 0.96 (0.91–1.03) | 0.40/0.02 |
| Composite of major vascular events | ||||
| n | 58 | 52 | 225 | |
| Model I | 1.06 (0.99–1.13) | 0.89 (0.80–0.99) | 0.93 (0.88–0.97) | |
| Model II | 1.08 (1.01–1.16) | 0.86 (0.77–0.97) | 0.95 (0.90–1.00) | |
| Model III | 1.10 (1.02–1.18) | 0.85 (0.75–0.95) | 0.96 (0.91–1.00) | 0.01/<0.01 |
| All-cause mortality | ||||
| n | 68 | 62 | 255 | |
| Model I | 1.09 (1.03–1.16) | 0.98 (0.89–1.07) | 0.92 (0.88–0.96) | |
| Model II | 1.13 (1.07–1.20) | 0.98 (0.89–1.09) | 0.94 (0.90–0.99) | |
| Model III | 1.14 (1.07–1.21) | 0.98 (0.89–1.09) | 0.94 (0.90–0.99) | 0.09/<0.01 |
| . | LDL-c <2.0 mmol/L, n = 492 . | LDL-c 2–2.5 mmol/L, n = 492 . | LDL-c >2.5 mmol/L, n = 955 . | Pinteraction <2.0 vs. 2.0–2.5/<2.0 vs. >2.5 . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MI | ||||
| n | 17 | 21 | 77 | |
| Model I | 0.99 (0.87–1.13) | 0.85 (0.71–1.02) | 0.90 (0.83–0.98) | |
| Model II | 1.01 (0.87–1.17) | 0.80 (0.66–0.98) | 0.93 (0.86–1.02) | |
| Model III | 1.01 (0.87–1.17) | 0.80 (0.65–0.97) | 0.94 (0.86–1.02) | 0.07/0.08 |
| Ischemic stroke | ||||
| n | 9 | 11 | 51 | |
| Model I | 1.06 (0.89–1.25) | 0.80 (0.61–1.05) | 0.88 (0.79–0.98) | |
| Model II | 0.96 (0.77–1.20) | 0.76 (0.57–1.02) | 0.92 (0.82–1.02) | |
| Model III | 1.00 (0.79–1.27) | 0.75 (0.55–1.02) | 0.92 (0.82–1.03) | 0.13/0.14 |
| Vascular mortality | ||||
| n | 39 | 26 | 149 | |
| Model I | 1.07 (0.99–1.15) | 0.98 (0.86–1.12) | 0.93 (0.88–0.99) | |
| Model II | 1.10 (1.01–1.19) | 0.96 (0.82–1.11) | 0.96 (0.91–1.02) | |
| Model III | 1.12 (1.03–1.22) | 0.94 (0.81–1.10) | 0.96 (0.91–1.03) | 0.40/0.02 |
| Composite of major vascular events | ||||
| n | 58 | 52 | 225 | |
| Model I | 1.06 (0.99–1.13) | 0.89 (0.80–0.99) | 0.93 (0.88–0.97) | |
| Model II | 1.08 (1.01–1.16) | 0.86 (0.77–0.97) | 0.95 (0.90–1.00) | |
| Model III | 1.10 (1.02–1.18) | 0.85 (0.75–0.95) | 0.96 (0.91–1.00) | 0.01/<0.01 |
| All-cause mortality | ||||
| n | 68 | 62 | 255 | |
| Model I | 1.09 (1.03–1.16) | 0.98 (0.89–1.07) | 0.92 (0.88–0.96) | |
| Model II | 1.13 (1.07–1.20) | 0.98 (0.89–1.09) | 0.94 (0.90–0.99) | |
| Model III | 1.14 (1.07–1.21) | 0.98 (0.89–1.09) | 0.94 (0.90–0.99) | 0.09/<0.01 |
Data are HR (95% CI) per 0.1 mmol/L increase in HDL-c, stratified according to LDL-c plasma levels. Model 1: age plus sex. Model 2: model 1 adjustments plus BMI, smoking, alcohol, TGs, and systolic blood pressure. Model 3: model 2 plus estimated glomerular filtration rate, glucose, and HbA1c. Boldface data indicate statistically significant values, P < 0.05.