Demographics, clinical characteristics, and interventions among participants in the study
| Parameter . | 2020 group (n = 25) . | 2019 group (n = 38) . | P . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 62.6 ± 11.1 | 65.4 ± 16.8 | 0.47 |
| Male/female, n | 21/4 | 23/15 | 0.055 |
| Outpatient patients, n (%) | 4 (16) | 17 (45) | 0.028 |
| Patients admitted for emergency, n (%) | 19 (76) | 10 (26) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes duration, years | 15 (10, 24) | 20 (10, 28) | 0.91 |
| HbA1c, % | 8.1 ± 1.8 | 8.3 ± 1.8 | 0.60 |
| HbA1c, mmol/mol | 65 ± 20 | 67 ± 20 | 0.60 |
| GFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 67 ± 28 | 78 ± 31 | 0.18 |
| UACR, mg/g Cr | 58 (23, 319) | 36 (9, 76) | 0.050 |
| CRP, mg/dL | 2.35 (1.01, 7.86) | 1.45 (0.45, 3.98) | 0.31 |
| PAD, n (%) | 23 (92) | 31 (82) | 0.30 |
| Neuropathy, n (%) | 22 (98) | 30 (79) | 0.50 |
| Previous ulcers, n (%) | 16 (64) | 23 (61) | 0.99 |
| Ulcer duration, months | 5 (2, 7) | 4 (2, 12) | 0.95 |
| Osteomyelitis, n (%) | 20 (80) | 23 (61) | 0.17 |
| Gangrene, n (%) | 16 (64) | 11 (29) | 0.009 |
| Intervention, n (%) | |||
| Revascularization | 8 (32) | 6 (16) | 0.21 |
| Amputation* | 15 (60) | 7 (18) | 0.001 |
| Other surgeries† | 9 (36) | 8 (21) | 0.31 |
| Parameter . | 2020 group (n = 25) . | 2019 group (n = 38) . | P . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 62.6 ± 11.1 | 65.4 ± 16.8 | 0.47 |
| Male/female, n | 21/4 | 23/15 | 0.055 |
| Outpatient patients, n (%) | 4 (16) | 17 (45) | 0.028 |
| Patients admitted for emergency, n (%) | 19 (76) | 10 (26) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes duration, years | 15 (10, 24) | 20 (10, 28) | 0.91 |
| HbA1c, % | 8.1 ± 1.8 | 8.3 ± 1.8 | 0.60 |
| HbA1c, mmol/mol | 65 ± 20 | 67 ± 20 | 0.60 |
| GFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 67 ± 28 | 78 ± 31 | 0.18 |
| UACR, mg/g Cr | 58 (23, 319) | 36 (9, 76) | 0.050 |
| CRP, mg/dL | 2.35 (1.01, 7.86) | 1.45 (0.45, 3.98) | 0.31 |
| PAD, n (%) | 23 (92) | 31 (82) | 0.30 |
| Neuropathy, n (%) | 22 (98) | 30 (79) | 0.50 |
| Previous ulcers, n (%) | 16 (64) | 23 (61) | 0.99 |
| Ulcer duration, months | 5 (2, 7) | 4 (2, 12) | 0.95 |
| Osteomyelitis, n (%) | 20 (80) | 23 (61) | 0.17 |
| Gangrene, n (%) | 16 (64) | 11 (29) | 0.009 |
| Intervention, n (%) | |||
| Revascularization | 8 (32) | 6 (16) | 0.21 |
| Amputation* | 15 (60) | 7 (18) | 0.001 |
| Other surgeries† | 9 (36) | 8 (21) | 0.31 |
Data are reported as mean ± SD or median (interquartile range) unless otherwise specified. Boldface type indicates statistically significant difference between groups. Cr, creatinine; CRP, C-reactive protein; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; PAD, peripheral artery disease; UACR, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio.
Amputation refers to the transverse removal of part of the lower limb below the ankle joint (minor amputation). Major amputation was not required for any patient.
Other surgeries include surgical debridement, abscess drainage, and reconstructive/regenerative surgeries. The latter were not performed during COVID-19 lockdown, as they were considered elective procedures.